run是什么意思

短语搭配

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(1)run out of耗尽, 用完

(2)run out被用完, 被耗尽, 用完, 花光；到期, 期满

(3)run into偶遇, 碰到；陷入

(4)run across偶然碰见, 偶然发现

(5)run around东奔西跑；四处奔忙

(6)run away突然离开, 逃离, 逃避, 避免正视

(7)run against与…相撞；偶然碰见

(8)run away from逃离；逃避；从...逃出

(9)in the long run最终；长期地, 从长远来看

(10)run far ahead of遥遥领先

(11)run away with带着…逃离；把…用掉；轻易接受（他人的想法）；战胜；制伏；不受…的约束

(12)run after寻求, 追求, 孜孜以求

(13)run through遍布；贯穿；弥漫

(14)run the risk冒…的危险

(15)run counter to违背；与...冲突；背道而驰

(16)run down下乡；赶上；减少, 降低, 缩减；耗尽；停止运转；衰退, 衰弱；下降；破败

(17)run to达到；足够供…之用；有钱用于

(18)run over溢出；超过；升旗

(19)run along走开；离开；到一边去

(20)run business经营业务；经营生意；做生意

(21)run towards跑向；飞奔向

(22)run off跑离；私奔

(23)run up向上跑；升起；(使)增长

(24)run for奔跑追赶；赶抢；快跑躲避

(25)run the risk of冒着...的风险

(26)run counter迎着猎物奔跑的方向而上

(27)run wild疯狂生长, 变野蛮, 变粗暴；失去控制

(28)run up against遭遇, 遇到

(29)run at向…冲去；突然袭击

(30)run with开始做；开始进行；接受

(31)on the run在逃跑中；奔逃着

(32)trial run测试

(33)home run本垒打

(34)run its course完成自身的发展阶段

(35)run dry干涸, 枯竭, 耗尽

(36)dry run排练；排演；演习

(37)run short快耗尽；减少；缺少

(38)run off with偷走

(39)run low快耗尽；减少；缺少

(40)run riot胡闹, 撒野, 横冲直撞；肆虐, 猖獗, 蔓延滋长；尽情地发挥, 无拘无束地表达

(41)run out on抛弃；遗弃；停止支持；停止照料

(42)fun run公益性长跑

(43)milk run例行飞行；少风险飞行任务；例行任务

(44)bombing run轰炸航路

(45)sheep run大牧羊场

(46)run off at the mouth信口开河；夸夸其谈

(47)in the short run从短期来看, 眼下, 在不远的将来

(48)print run一次印数

(49)run for it跑开躲避

(50)run high水满的, 高涨的, 水流湍急的；强烈, 剧烈

(51)run out of steam丧失动力, 失去热情

(52)run a mile赶快避开；飞快跑掉

(53)run out of gas没有能量；缺少动力

(54)run the gamut全部经历；全部展示；全部执行

(55)run the show主管某一项目

(56)chicken run逃离南非

(57)still waters run deep静水流深

(58)run an errand跑差；办事

(59)make a run for it跑开躲避

(60)run with the hare and hunt with the hounds与冲突双方都保持良好关系；两面讨好

(61)run a tight ship严格管理

双语例句

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(1)The first test run of the equipment was a complete success.

设备的第一次试跑获得了圆满成功。

(2)Man goes to the higher position, water runs to the lower place.

人往高处走，水往低处流。

(3)It's easier to buy a car than to run it.

买车容易养车难。

(4)The ship runs very fast.

这条船航行非常快。

(5)I can run a mile in five minutes.

我能在五分钟内跑一英里

(6)After filling in some details, we are ready to run this project.

还要补充些细节 可以先run（运行）起来了

(7)The bank has a team of people whose job is to run damage control.

银行有专门的团队负责危机管理。

(8)Did we run out of milk again?

我们又没有牛奶了吗？

(9)Could you please run to the grocery store to grab me a bag of flour?

可以去杂货店帮我买一袋面粉吗？

(10)I used to always run a virus-check every week, but now I’m a lot less worried.

我过去每周常常运行病毒检查程序，但是现在我没那么担心了。

(11)They run a small grocery store.

他们经营一家小食品杂货店。

(12)When I give the signal , run!

我一发信号，你就跑！

(13)She took the stairs at a run.

她跑着上了楼梯。

(14)I go for a run every morning.

我每天早晨都去跑步。

(15)You can't run on a full stomach.

饱餐之后不能跑步。

同义词

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vi. 经营；奔跑；运转

vt. 管理，经营；运行；参赛

n. 奔跑；赛跑；趋向；奔跑的路程

反义词

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同根词

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词根 run

(1)running adj. 连续的；流动的；跑着的；运转着的n. 运转；赛跑；流出v. 跑；运转（run的ing形式）；行驶

(2)runner n. 跑步者；走私者；推销员；送信人

单词辨析

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跑

(1)trot 强调小跑时上下弹跳的动作，是介于跑与走之间轻快的快速运动。

(2)jog 指从容不迫地慢跑。

(3)run 最普通用词，指由于各种原因而急速奔跑。

(4)race 多用于赛跑，指以最快速度奔跑。

流动；涌出

(1)stream 指水或其它液体从源头流出，不断地朝某一方向流动，可用作引申。

(2)pour 通常指从高向低或从上向下的急剧流动。也可作引申用。

(3)flow 侧重水继续不断地往前流，不关心其流量的大小和速度的快慢。

(4)run 指液体向任何方向流动，暗示比flow快而有力。

释义

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v.

[no obj.] move at a speed faster than a walk, never having both or all the feet on the ground at the same time

跑，奔

the dog ran across the road

那条狗跑过马路

she ran the last few yards, breathing heavily

她气喘吁吁地跑完了最后几码

he hasn't paid for his drinks — run and catch him.

他没有付酒钱，跑去抓住他。

run as a sport or for exercise

跑步

I run every morning.

我每天早上跑步。

(of an athlete or a racehorse)compete in a race

（运动员，赛马用的马）参加赛跑

she ran in the 200 metres

她参加了２００米赛跑

[with obj.]Dave has run 42 marathons.

戴夫参加了４２次马拉松赛跑。

[with obj.]enter (a racehorse) for a race

使（马）参加赛跑。

Cricket (of a batsman) run from one wicket to the other in scoring or attempting to score a run

【板球】 （击球员）跑动。

[with obj.]W. Indian cause to run away; chase

〈西印度〉 使逃跑；驱赶，驱逐；追赶

Ah went tuh eat the mangoes but the people run mih.

我去吃芒果，但那里的人驱赶我。

(of hounds)chase or hunt their quarry

（猎狗）追逐（猎物），追猎。

(of a boat)sail straight and fast directly before the wind, especially in bad weather

（尤指在坏天气下，船）顺风疾驶，快速行进。

(of a migratory fish)go upriver from the sea in order to spawn

（迁移的鱼为产卵而）洄游。

[no obj.] move about in a hurried and hectic way

奔忙

I've spent the whole day running round after the kids.

我一整天都围着孩子忙得团团转。

(run to)have rapid recourse to (someone) for support or help

求助于，求援于

don't come running to me for a handout.

不要来向我乞求施舍。

pass or cause to pass quickly or smoothly in a particular direction

（使）通过；传递；（使）迅速传播，（使）传开

[no obj., with adverbial of direction]the rumour ran through the pack of photographers

谣言很快在这帮摄影师中传开

[with obj. and adverbial of direction]Helen ran her fingers through her hair.

海伦用手指梳理头发。

move or cause to move somewhere forcefully or with a particular result

（使）猛烈移动

[no obj., with adverbial of direction]the tanker ran aground off the Shetland Islands

油船在设得兰群岛附近搁浅了

[with obj. and adverbial of direction]a woman ran a pushchair into the back of my legs.

一个女人推着一辆幼儿推车撞到我的腿肚上。

[with obj.]informal fail to stop at (a red traffic light)

〈非 正式〉 闯过（红色交通信号灯）。

[with obj.]chiefly N. Amer. navigate (rapids or a waterfall) in a boat

〈主北美〉 乘船渡过（湍滩，瀑布）。

extend or cause to extend in a particular direction

（使）（往某一方向）伸展，（使）延展

[no obj., with adverbial of direction]cobbled streets run down to a tiny harbour

鹅卵石铺成的街道通到一个小港湾

[with obj. and adverbial of direction]he ran a wire under the carpet.

他在地毯下面铺设电线。

[no obj.](run in)(of a quality or trait)be common or inherent in members of (a particular family), especially over several generations

（特征）共有，世代相传

weight problems run in my family.

我的家族有体重问题。

[no obj.]pass into or reach a specified state or level

进入，达到（某种状态或水平）

inflation is running at 11 per cent

通货膨胀达到了１１％

[with complement]the decision ran counter to previous government commitments.

这个决定违背了政府以前所作的承诺。

[no obj., with adverbial of direction] (of a liquid) flow in a specified direction

（液体往某一方向）流动

a small river runs into the sea at one side of the castle.

一条小河在城堡的一侧流入大海。

[with obj.]cause (a liquid) to flow

使（液体）流注

she ran cold water into a basin.

她把冷水注入盆里。

[with obj.]cause water to flow over (something)

使水流在（某物）之上

I ran my hands under the tap.

我把手放在水龙头下冲洗。

[with obj.]fill (a bath) with water

把（浴盆）放满水

[with two objs]I'll run you a nice hot bath.

我会给你放满一浴缸舒适的热水。

[no obj.](run with)be covered or streaming with (a particular liquid)

流出（某种液体）

his face was running with sweat.

他汗流满面。

[no obj.]emit or exude a liquid

排出液体；渗出液体

she was weeping loudly and her nose was running.

她大声哭泣，鼻子流着鼻涕。

[no obj.](of a solid substance)melt and become fluid

（固体物质）融化流动

it was so hot that the butter ran.

天气太热了，黄油都融化了。

[no obj.](of the sea, the tide, or a river)rise higher or flow more quickly

（海水，潮水，河水）水位升高；加速流动

there was still a heavy sea running.

波涛汹涌的海面还在继续升高。

[no obj.](of dye or colour in fabric or paper)dissolve and spread when the fabric or paper becomes wet

（织物，纸的染料，颜色）渗化；渗色

the red dye ran when the socks were washed.

袜子洗时红色的染料渗化了。

[no obj.]chiefly N. Amer. (of a stocking or pair of tights) develop a ladder

〈主北美〉 （长统袜，裤袜）抽丝。

[no obj.] (of a bus, train, ferry, or other form of transport) make a regular journey on a particular route

（公共汽车，火车，渡船或其他交通工具在特定线路上）行驶

buses run into town every half hour.

进城的公共汽车每半小时一班。

[with obj.]put (a particular form of public transport) in service

把（某种公共交通工具）投入使用

the group is drawing up plans to run trains on key routes.

集团正在制订计划把火车投入到主要线路上运行。

[with obj. and adverbial of direction]take (someone) somewhere in a car

（用车）载送

I'll run you home.

我用车送你回家。

[with obj.] be in charge of; manage

管理；经营；负责

Andrea runs her own catering business

安德烈娅经营自己的餐饮生意

[as adj., in combination -run]an attractive family-run hotel.

一家吸引人的家庭饭店。

[no obj., with adverbial](of a system, organization, or plan)operate or proceed in a particular way

（体系，组织或计划以某种方式）操作，运转

everything's running according to plan.

一切都按计划进行着。

organize and make available for other people

组织，开办

we decided to run a series of seminars.

我们决定组织一系列专题讨论会。

carry out (a test or procedure)

进行（试验），办（手续）

he asked the army to run tests on the anti nerve-gas pills.

他要求军队做抗神经性毒气药片的试验。

own, maintain, and use (a vehicle)

拥有；使用（车辆）。

W. Indian provide

〈西印度〉 提供

the wait-and-see game continues until the government runs some ready cash.

“等着看”的策略一直持续到政府提供一些现款。

Austral./NZ provide pasture for (sheep or cattle); raise (livestock)

〈澳／ 新西兰〉 为（羊，牛）提供牧草；饲养（家畜）。

be in or cause to be in operation; function or cause to function

开动；操作；（使）运转

[no obj.]the car runs on unleaded fuel

这辆汽车用无铅汽油开动

[with obj.]the modem must be run off a mains transfomer.

调制解调器必须靠电源变压器运转。

move or cause to move between the spools of a recording machine

（使）（在录音机的绕带轴间）卷动

[with obj.]I ran the tape back

我把录音带往回倒

[no obj.]the tape has run through.

　录音带放完了。

[no obj.] continue or be valid or operative for a particular period of time

继续，持续；（在一段时间内）具有法律效力；起作用

the course ran for two days

这门课上了两天

this particular debate will run and run.

这个特殊的争论会一直继续下去。

[with adverbial or complement]happen or arrive at the specified time

（在特定时间）发生；到达

the programme was running fifteen minutes late.

这个节目迟了１５分钟播出。

(of a play or exhibition)be staged or presented

（戏）演出，上演；（展览）展出

the play ran at Stratford last year.

这出戏去年在斯特拉特福演出。

[no obj.] stand as a candidate in a political election

竞选，当候选人

he announced that he intended to run for President.

他宣布打算竞选总统。

[with obj.](especially of a political party)sponsor (a candidate) in an election

（尤指政党）资助（候选人）

they ran their first independent candidate at the Bromley by-election.

他们在布罗姆利的补缺选举中资助他们的第一个无党派候选人。

publish or be published in a newspaper or magazine

出版；刊登；被出版；被刊登

[with obj.]the tabloid press ran the story

各家通俗小报刊登了这篇报道

[no obj.]when the story ran, there was a big to-do.

当这篇报道刊登出来时，引起了一场骚动。

[no obj.](of a story, argument, or piece of writing)have a specified wording or contents

（报道，论点，文章）有特定措辞（或内容）

‘Tapestries slashed!’ ran the dramatic headline.

引人注目的标题写道：“挂毯削价！”

[with obj.]bring (goods) into a country illegally and secretly; smuggle

偷运；走私

they run drugs for the cocaine cartels.

他们为可卡因卡特尔走私毒品。

[with two objs]N. Amer. (of an object or act) cost (someone) (a specified amount)

〈北美〉 （物品，行动）花费（某人）（特定数额的钱）

a new photocopier will run us about $1,300.

　一台新复印机要花掉我们大约１，３００美元。

n.

[usu. in sing.] an act or spell of running

跑步，奔跑；赛跑

I usually go for a run in the morning

我通常早上去跑步

a cross-country run.

一次越野赛跑。

a running pace

奔跑的步伐

Rory set off at a run.

罗里奔跑着出发了。

an opportunity or attempt to achieve something

（完成某事的）机会；企图

their absence means the Russians will have a clear run at the title.

他们缺席意味着俄罗斯人完全有机会获得冠军。

a preliminary test of the efficiency of a procedure or system

（对程序或系统有效性的）初步测试

if you are styling your hair yourself, have a practice run.

如果你给自己做发型，你必须试验一下是否行。

an attempt to secure election to political office

（对政治职位的）争取；竞选

his run for the Republican nomination.

他对获得共和党提名的争取。

an annual mass migration of fish up a river to spawn, or their return migration afterwards

（鱼群的）产卵洄游；产卵洄游后的返回

the annual salmon runs.

一年一度的鲑鱼群洄游。

a journey accomplished or route taken by a vehicle, aircraft, or boat, especially on a regular basis

（尤指车辆、飞机或轮船等完成的）旅程，路程；路线；航线

the London-Liverpool run.

伦敦–利物浦航线。

a short excursion made in a car

（乘车）短途旅行；兜风

we could take a run out to the country.

　我们可以到乡下作一次短途旅行。

the distance covered in a specified period, especially by a ship

（尤指船在特定时间内的）航行距离

a record run of 398 miles from noon to noon.

从正午到正午的３９８英里破纪录航行距离。

a short flight made by an aircraft on a straight and even course at a constant speed before or while dropping bombs

（飞机在投弹前或投弹时的）水平稳定飞行。

Cricket a unit of scoring achieved by hitting the ball so that both batsmen are able to run between the wickets, or awarded in some other circumstances

【板球】 跑动得分。

Baseball a point scored by the batter returning to the home plate after touching the other bases

【棒球】 跑垒得分。

a continuous spell of a particular situation or condition

（某种特定的情形或状况）连续的一段时间

he's had a run of bad luck.

他厄运接二连三。

a continuous series of performances

连演

the play had a long run in the West End.

这出戏在伦敦西区久演不衰。

a quantity or amount of something produced at one time

（一次生产的）产量

a production run of only 150 cars.

一次只有１５０辆车的产量。

a continuous stretch or length of something

（东西的）一段

long runs of copper piping.

一长段一长段的铜管。

a rapid series of musical notes forming a scale

急奏，走句。

a sequence of cards of the same suit

同花顺子。

(a run on)a widespread and sudden or continuous demand for (a particular currency or commodity)

（对某一通货或商品的）突然大量需求，争购

there's been a big run on nostalgia toys this year.

今年对怀旧玩具的需求猛增。

a sudden demand for repayment from a bank made by a large number of lenders

挤兑，挤提

growing nervousness among investors led to a run on some banks.

投资人日趋紧张的情绪导致一些银行出现挤提存款的现象。

(the run of)free and unrestricted use of or access to

使用自由；出入自由

her cats were given the run of the house.

她的猫被允许随便进出那所房子。

(the run)[usu. with adj.]the average or usual type of person or thing

普通类型的人（或物）

she stood out from the general run of Tory women.

她是托利党普通女党员中的杰出人物。

the general tendency or trend of something

趋势；趋向

quite against the run of play, Smith scored an early try.

违背比赛走势的是史密斯这么快就在对方球门线后带球触地得了三分。

an enclosed area in which domestic animals or birds may run freely in the open

饲养场

a chicken run.

一个养鸡场。

[usu. with modifier]a track made or regularly used by a particular animal

（动物）出没的路径

a badger run.

獾出没的路径。

a sloping snow-covered course or track used for skiing, bobsleighing, or tobogganing

（用于滑雪、滑大雪橇或平底雪橇的）滑行道

a ski run.

滑雪道。

Austral./NZ a large open stretch of land used for pasture or the raising of stock

〈澳／新西兰〉 牧场

one of the richest cattle runs of the district.

这个地区最肥沃的一个养牛场。

a ladder in stockings or tights

（长统袜或连裤袜的）抽丝。

a downward trickle of paint or a similar substance when applied too thickly

（油漆或类似物刷得过厚引起的）挂流。

a small stream or brook

小溪。

(the runs)informal diarrhoea

〈非正式〉 腹泻。

Nautical the after part of a ship's bottom where it rises and narrows towards the stern

【航海】 船尾端部。

短语

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be run off one's feet 见FOOT. come running be eager to do what someone wants 渴望做某人想要做的事，乐意为某人效劳 he had only to crook his finger and she would come running. 他只要弯弯手指，她就会急匆匆地赶来帮忙

give someone/thing a （good） run for their money provide someone or something with challenging competition or opposition 促使某人参与激烈竞争；促使某人处于反对者的地位

have a （good） run for one's money derive reward or enjoyment in return for one's outlay or efforts （通过花费或努力）充分得到报偿（或乐趣）

on the run 1 trying to avoid being captured 在逃跑中，奔逃着 a criminal on the run from the FBI. 联邦调查局正在追缉的在逃犯

２　 while running 奔跑着 he took a pass on the run. 他在跑动中接过传球

continuously active and busy 奔忙着 I'm on the run every minute of the day. 我每时每刻都在忙个不停

run before one can walk attempt something difficult before one has grasped the basic skills 不会走就想跑，基本的技巧还没掌握就要做难的事情

比较WALK条walk before one can run. run a blockade 见BLOCKADE. run dry （of a well or river） cease to flow or have any water （井水）干涸；（河水）断流

figurative （especially of a source of money or information） be completely used up 〈喻〉 （尤指钱或信息的来源）用完，耗光 municipal relief funds had long since run dry. 市政府的救济金早就用完了

run an errand carry out an errand, typically on someone else's behalf 跑差，办事

（make a） run for it attempt to escape someone or something by running away 跑开躲避（某人或某物）

run foul （或〈主 北美〉 afoul ） of 1 Nautical collide or become entangled with （an obstacle or another vessel） 【航海】 与（障碍物或另一船只）相撞；与（障碍物或另一船只）相缠结 another ship ran foul of us. 另一只船与我们相撞

２　 come into conflict with; go against 与…发生冲突；同…对抗；违反，违背 the act may run foul of data protection legislation. 该法案可能违反数据保护法

run the gauntlet 见GAUNTLET2. run someone close almost defeat a person or team in a contest （比赛中）几乎击败某人（或某个队）

run high 见HIGH. run oneself into the ground 见GROUND1. run into the sand come to nothing 失败；毫无结果，等于零 the peace initiative now seems to be running into the sand. 和平倡议现在看来要成为泡影

run its course 见COURSE. run low （或short） become depleted 快耗尽；减少 supplies had run short. 补给品快用完了

have too little of something 缺少 we're running short of time. 我们的时间不够了

run a mile 见MILE. run off at the mouth N. Amer. informal talk excessively or indiscreetly 〈北 美，非正式〉 信口开河，夸夸其谈

run someone out of town chiefly N. Amer. force someone to leave a place 〈主北美〉 强迫某人离开

run rings round 见RING1. run riot 见RIOT. run the risk （或run risks）见RISK. run the show informal dominate or be in charge of a project, undertaking, or domain 〈非正式〉 主管某一项目（或任务，领域）

run a temperature be suffering from a fever or high temperature 发烧

run someone/thing to earth （或ground） Hunting chase a quarry to its lair 【猎】 把猎物逼进其巢穴

find someone or something, typically after a long search（尤指经过长时间搜查后）寻找到某人（或某物）

run to ruin archaic fall into disrepair; gradually deteriorate〈古〉 失修，破败；逐渐变坏；逐渐衰退；逐渐堕落

run to seed 见SEED. run wild 见WILD. you can't run with the hares and hunt with the hounds proverb you can't be loyal to both sides in a conflict or dispute 〈谚〉 （冲突或争吵中）你无法对双方都忠诚，你无法两面讨好

短语动词

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run across meet or find by chance 偶然碰见；偶然发现 I just thought you might have run across him before. 我刚刚在想你以前可能偶然碰见过他

run after informal seek to acquire or attain; pursue persistently 〈非正式〉 寻求；追求；孜孜以求 businesses which have spent years running after the baby boom market. 花了数年时间追逐生育高峰带来的市场的企业

seek the company of （someone） with the aim of developing a romantic or sexual relationship with them 追求（异性）

run against archaic collide with （someone） 〈古〉 与（某人）相撞

happen to meet 偶然碰见 I ran against Flanagan the other day. 我前几天偶然碰见弗拉纳根

run along ［in imperative］ informal go away （used typically to address a child） 〈非正式〉 走开，离开；到一边去（常用作对小孩讲的话） run along now, there's a good girl. 到一边去，乖女孩

run around with （〈美〉 亦作run with） informal associate habitually with （someone） 〈非正式〉 与…交往，结交

run at rush towards （someone） to attack or as if to attack them 向…冲去；突然袭击

run away leave or escape from a place, person, or situation of danger 离开（危险的地方，人，处境），逃离；逃走；逃跑 children who run away from home normally go to London. 逃离家庭的孩子一般都去伦敦

（亦作〈非 正式〉 run off） leave one's home or current partner in order to establish a relationship with someone else 离家出走；私奔 he ran off with his wife's best friend 他与其妻子最好的朋友私奔了 Fran, let's run away together. 弗兰，让我们一起离家出走吧

try to avoid acknowledging or facing up to an unpleasant or difficult situation 避免正视，回避（令人不快的局面或困境） the government are running away from their responsibilities. 政府在回避责任

run away with １ （of one's imagination or emotions） work wildly, so as to overwhelm （one） （想象力，感情）战胜，制伏；不受…的约束 Susan's imagination was running away with her. 苏珊想入非非

２　 accept （an idea ） without thinking it through properly 轻率地接受（意见） a lot of people ran away with the idea that they were pacifists. 很多人轻率地认为他们是和平主义者

３　 win （a competition or prize） easily 轻而易举地赢得（比赛，奖品） Ipswich are running away with the championship. 伊普维奇可望轻而易举地赢得冠军

run something by （或past） tell （someone） about something, especially in order to ascertain their opinion or reaction （尤指为弄清对方意见或反应而）告诉（某人）某事

run someone/thing down １　 （of a vehicle or its driver） hit a person or animal and knock them to the ground （车辆或其驾驶者）把…撞倒（或撞伤、撞坏）

（of a boat） collide with another vessel （船）与（另一船只）相撞；把…撞沉

２　 criticize someone or something unfairly or unkindly 说… 的坏话；贬低；诽谤

３　 discover someone or something after a search 查找出，搜索到 she finally ran the professor down. 她终于找到了那个教授

run something down （或run down） reduce （or become reduced） in size, numbers, or resources （尺寸、数目或财力资源）减少，降低，缩减 the government were reviled for running down the welfare state 政府因缩减福利遭到谩骂 hardwood stocks in some countries are rapidly running down. 有些国家的阔叶木材资源在迅速减少

lose （or cause to lose） power; stop （or cause to stop） functioning （使）耗尽；（使）停止运转 the battery has run down. 电池的电用完了

gradually deteriorate （or cause to deteriorate） in quality or condition （使）衰退；（使）衰弱；（使质量）下降；（使）破败 the property had been allowed to run down. 这所住宅被听凭渐趋破败

run someone in informal arrest someone 〈非正式〉 拘留某人；逮捕某人

run something in Brit. prepare the engine of a new car for normal use by driving slowly, usually for a particular period of time 〈英〉 使（新车的发动机）试转，使磨合

use something new in such a way as not to make maximum demands upon it 试用（新的东西） whatever system you choose, you must run it in properly. 不管你选择什么系统，你必须适当地试用一下

run into １　 collide with 与…相撞 he ran into a lamp post. 他撞上了一根灯柱

meet by chance 偶然碰见 I ran into Moira on the way home. 我在回家的路上与莫伊拉邂逅

experience （a problem or difficult situation） 遇到（问题）；陷入（困境） the bank ran into financial difficulties. 银行遇到财政困难

２　 reach （a level or amount ） 共计，合计为 debts running into millions of dollars. 正在接近数百万美元的债务

3 blend into or appear to coalesce with 与…混合；与…相连接 her words ran into each other. 她说的话语含混不清

run off see run away above. 见前面run away. run off with informal steal 〈非正式〉 偷走 the treasurer had run off with the pension funds. 那个会计偷走了退休基金

run something off １ reproduce copies of a piece of writing on a machine 印出；复印出

write or recite something quickly and with little effort 迅速写出；流畅地背出

2 drain liquid from a container 使（液体）流掉，放掉 run off the water that has been standing in the pipes. 把滞留在水管里的水放掉

run on １ continue without stopping; go on longer than is expected 继续下去；比预期的持续更长时间 the story ran on for months . 这个故事流传了好几个月

talk incessantly 讲个不停，喋喋不休

2 ［亦作run upon］ （of a person's mind or a discussion） be preoccupied or concerned with （a particular subject） （头脑）老是想着（某个主题）；（讨论）涉及（某个主题） my thoughts ran too much on death. 我满脑子想的都是死亡

3 Printing continue on the same line as the preceding matter 【印刷】 使（排字材料）接排

run out 1 （of a supply of something） be used up （供应品）被用完，被耗尽 our food is about to run out. 我们的食品快用完了

use up one's supply of something 用完；花光 we've run out of petrol. 我们的汽油已经用完了

become no longer valid 到期，期满 her contract runs out at the end of the year. 她的合同年底到期

２　 （of rope） be paid out （绳）被放出，被拉出 slowly, he let the cables run out. 他慢慢地把缆绳放了出去

３　 ［with adverbial of direction］ extend; project 延伸；突出 a row of buildings ran out to Whitehall Gate. 一排建筑物延伸到怀特霍尔大门街

4 ［with complement］ Brit. emerge from a contest in a specified position 〈英〉 比完（一场比赛） the team ran out 4-1 winners. 这支球队以4比1赢得比赛

run someone out Cricket dismiss a batsman by dislodging the bails with the ball while the batsman is still running between the wickets 【板球】 把（击球员）杀出局

（of a batsman） cause one's partner to be dismissed in this way by poor judgement （击球员）使同伴出局

run out on informal abandon （someone）; cease to support or care for 〈非正式〉 抛弃，遗弃；停止支持；停止照料

run over 1 （of a container or its contents） overflow （容器或里面的东西）溢出 the bath's running over. 浴缸的水溢出来了

2 exceed （an expected limit） 超过（预期的限额） the film ran over schedule and budget. 这部电影超过了计划和预算

run someone/thing over （of a vehicle or its driver） knock a person or animal down and pass over their body （车辆或其驾驶员）（撞倒并）辗过，压过 Anna accidentally ran over their cat. 安娜意外地辗过他们的猫

run something over see run something through below. 见下面run something through. run through 1 be present in every part of; pervade 遍布；贯穿；弥漫 a sense of personal loss runs through many of his lyrics. 他的许多抒情诗弥漫着一种个人失落感

２　 use or spend recklessly or rapidly 挥霍掉，很快花完 her husband had long since run through her money. 她的丈夫早就把她的钱挥霍光了

run someone/thing through stab a person or animal so as to kill them 刺杀（人，动物）

run something through （或over） discuss, read, or repeat something quickly or briefly 匆匆讨论（或阅读，重复）；把… 略略过目 I'll just run through the schedule for the weekend. 我会把周末的计划表粗略过目一下

rehearse a performance or series of actions 排练；练习；复习 okay, let's run through Scene 3 again. 好吧，让我们把第三场再排练一遍

run to 1 extend to or reach （a specified amount or size） 达到（某一数量或规模） the document ran to almost 100 pages. 这份文件几乎长达100页

be enough to cover （a particular expense）; have the financial resources for （钱等）足够供…之用；有钱用于 my income doesn't run to luxuries like taxis. 我的收入不够享受像出租车那样的奢侈物

２　 （of a person） show a tendency to or inclination towards （人）有…倾向；有…特点 she was tall and running to fat. 她很高且有长胖趋势

run something up １ allow a debt or bill to accumulate quickly 迅速积欠（债务或账款） he ran up debts of $153,000. 他很快积欠了153,000美元的债务

achieve a particular score in a game or match （比赛中）得（分） they ran up 467 runs for the loss of eight wickets. 他们以8名击球手出局为代价，共得了467分

２　 make something quickly or hurriedly, especially a piece of clothing 匆匆制成；匆匆缝制；迅速缝制（尤指衣服） I'll run up a dress for you. 我要为你赶做一条连衣裙

3 raise a flag 升旗

run up against experience or meet （a difficulty or problem） 遭遇，遇到（困难，问题） the scheme has been dropped as it could run up against European regulations. 这个计划被放弃，因为它可能会违反欧洲条例

run with 1 proceed with; accept 开始做，开始进行；接受 we do lots of tests before we run with a product. 在一个产品投产之前我们要做很多测试

2 see run around with above. 见run around with.

易错必背词

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run + 距离 跑了...(距离)

(1)She ran two miles.

她跑了两英里。[金华卷 2021 中考 阅读理解]

run by 跑过

(1)A group of zebras ran by.

一群斑马跑过。[连云港卷 2021 中考 完形填空]

run along 跑开

(1)Run along now and play for a bit.

跑开，去玩一会吧。[经典例句]

run off 跑掉

(1)He had tried to coax (哄) the dog to him but, frightened, it had run off.

他曾试图哄那只狗向他跑去，但是它受了惊吓，跑掉了。[全国卷II 2019 高考 完形填空]

run (over) to + 地点 向某地跑去

(1)The girl ran right over to it.

女孩径直向它跑去。[泰安卷 2021 中考 阅读理解]

run towards + 地点 朝某地跑去

(1)One of them died but the other ran towards my house.

其中一只死了，但另一只朝我家跑去。[教材原句]

run across + 地点 跑过某地

(1)Jason ran across the room and gave his father a big hug.

杰森跑过房间，给了他父亲一个大大的拥抱。[宁波卷 2021 中考 阅读理解]

run into + 地点 跑进某地

(1)Just then Lily and Melissa ran into the kitchen, laughing loudly.

就在这时，莉莉和梅丽莎跑进厨房，大声笑着。[东营卷 2021 中考 动词填空]

run around + 地点/某物 围绕着…跑

(1)One dog named Pepper jumped and ran around him all the time.

一只叫胡椒的狗一直围着他跳来跳去。[衢州卷 2021 中考 完形填空]

run away (from 地点/某物) (从...)逃跑

(1)We found him a good job in London but he ran away.

我们在伦敦给他找了份好工作，但他跑了。[潍坊卷 2021 中考 语法填空]

run far ahead of sb/sth 远远领先于...

(1)Although popular beliefs regarding emotional intelligence run far ahead of what research can reasonably support.

尽管关于情商的普遍观点远远超出了研究能够合理支持的范围。[新高考I卷 2021 高考 阅读理解]

run business 经营生意

(1)He has no idea how to run a business.

他丝毫不懂如何经营企业。[经典例句]

(2)How long did James run his business?

詹姆斯经营他的生意多久了？[全国卷I 2019 高考 听力]

run on sth 靠...运转

(1)Our van runs on diesel.

我们的货车用的是柴油。[经典例句]

(2)A "hybrid" car (混合动力车) ran partly on petrol and partly on electricity.

混合动力车一部分用汽油，一部分用电。[天津市 2021 中考 综合填空]

go for a run 去跑步

a long/short run 一次短跑/长跑

run out (of sth) 用尽(...)

(1)When his water ran out, he knew he would have to do something to save his own life.

当他的水用完的时候，他知道他必须做些什么来拯救自己的生命。[教材原句]

(2)Why did the supermarkets run out of spaghetti one April Fool's Day?

为什么超市在愚人节那天卖完了意大利面？[教材原句]

(3)I wanted to make dumplings but found I had run out of flour.

我想包饺子，但发现面粉用完了。[天津卷 2021 高考 单项填空]

run into ... 偶然撞见...

(1)Another time, she nearly ran into a ship.

还有一次，她差点撞上一艘船。[郴州卷 2021 中考 阅读选择]

(2)I always run into people I know.

我总是碰到我认识的人。[经典例句]

run to sth 达到某种状态

(1)I had to jump out of bed and run to silence it before my family was awoken.

我不得不跳下床，在我的家人被吵醒之前让它安静下来。[天津卷 2021 高考 阅读理解]

类似拼写词

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run v. 跑；奔；奔忙；通过；传递；迅速传播；传开；流动；行驶；管理；经营；负责；开动；操作；运转；继续；持续；具有法律效力；起作用；竞选；当候选人；出版；刊登；被出版；被刊登；偷运；走私；花费

sun n. 太阳；日；阳光；日光；太阳热；一天；一年；恒星；荣耀；繁荣；(Sun) 星期天 (Sunday的缩写)

fun n. 享乐；娱乐；乐趣；风趣；顽皮；娱乐（或乐趣）的来源；有趣的人；纯娱乐行为；逗乐

gun n. 枪；炮；猎人；射枪；喷射器；枪手；持枪歹徒；猎队的一员；枪炮长；信号枪

词源

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"Old English rinnan, irnan （verb）, of Germanic origin, probably reinforced in Middle English by Old Norse rinna, renna. The current form with -u- in the present tense is first recorded in the 16th cent."

考纲分布

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近6年出现436次

重要程度: 5星

72%; v/n 奔跑; 跑步; 匆忙前往; 逃跑

15%; v (液体)流动; 流淌; 放水

5%; v 经营; 管理

4%; v 运转; 使运行

2%; v/n 竞赛; 赛跑

1%; v/n (持续)一段时间

0%; v/n 竞选

0%; v 延伸

0%; v 进行; 开始

0%; v (run into)意外撞到

0%; v (run out)被用完; 被耗尽

0%; v/n 变得; 成为; 趋势

考纲释义

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( 1)v/n. 奔跑; 跑步; 匆忙前往; 逃跑

英文释义：go rapidly or hurriedly

真题例句：

I tried to hold my cat in my arms, but it ran away from me in fear.

我试图把我的猫抱在怀里，但它吓得从我身边跑开了。[2020年 重庆市A卷 阅读理解]

John will have to run very fast to break the school 100-metre race record in the sports meeting．

约翰必须要跑得非常快，才能在运动会上打破学校100米赛跑的记录。[2019年 南京市卷 填空]

He enjoyed running for exercise around the park when he was free.

他有空时喜欢在公园里跑步锻炼身体。[2019年 陕西省卷 完形填空]

( 2)v. (液体)流动; 流淌; 放水

英文释义：(with reference to a liquid) flow or cause to flow

真题例句：

Some factories stop waste water from running into rivers.

一些工厂阻止废水流入河流。[2020年 陕西省卷 阅读理解]

80% of wastewater around the world is not treated at all, and it is running into oceans.

世界上80%的废水完全没有得到处理，而它们正在流入海洋。[2019年 安徽省卷 阅读理解]

Tears run slowly into this tube drip by drip.

眼泪一滴一滴地慢慢流进这根管子。[2018年 青岛市卷 阅读理解]

( 3)v. 经营; 管理

英文释义：be in charge of

真题例句：

We asked three families who run homestays to tell us about where they live.

我们询问了三个经营寄宿家庭的家庭，请他们告诉我们他们住在哪里。[2021年 盐城市卷 完形填空]

Now, I feel very confident (信心) in running a home.

现在，我对经营一个家很有信心。[2020年 长沙市卷 语篇翻译]

After that, you can start and run your own summer business, and you have a chance of winning awards of up to $1000.

之后，你可以创办和经营自己的暑期公司，并且你有机会赢得高达1000美元的奖励。[2020年 包头市卷 阅读理解]

( 4)v. 运转; 使运行

英文释义：be in or cause to be in operation; function or cause to function

真题例句：

Cars will run on solar power or electricity and will be much cleaner.

汽车将依靠太阳能或电力行驶，而且会更加清洁。[2021年 乐山市卷 选句填空]

One method of solving the problem was a "hybrid" car, one that ran partly on petrol and partly on electricity.

解决这个问题的一种方法是“混合动力”汽车，一种部分依靠汽油，部分依靠电力运行的汽车。[2021年 天津市卷 综合填空]

Workers Keep Community Running

工作人员维持着社区的运转[2020年 陕西省卷 阅读理解]

( 5)v/n. 竞赛; 赛跑

英文释义：(of an athlete or a racehorse) compete in a race

真题例句：

It's a good idea to run in the marathon.

参加马拉松赛跑是个好主意。[2019年 陕西省卷 补全对话]

Fresh off his MasterChef Junior run, Evan Robinson, who is only 12 years old, is using his kitchen skills to raise money for Puerto Rico.

年仅12岁的埃文·罗宾逊，刚刚结束他的小小厨神比赛，他正在用自己的厨艺为波多黎各筹款。[2018年 连云港市卷 阅读理解]

He donated his big winning prize in his MasterChef Junior run.

他捐出了他在小小厨神比赛中赢得的大奖。[2018年 连云港市卷 阅读理解]

( 6)v/n. (持续)一段时间

英文释义：continue or be valid or operative for a particular period of time

真题例句：

The planting usually runs from 9 a.m. to 1 p.m.

种植时间通常从上午9点到下午1点。[2021年 临沂市卷 完形填空]

How long does Liverpool Museum run daily?

利物浦博物馆每天开放多长时间？[2020年 河南省卷 阅读理解]

The after-school exercise classes will run from 18 December to 14 January.

课后锻炼班将从12月18日开到1月14日。[2019年 河北省卷 阅读理解]

( 7)v/n. 竞选

英文释义：be a candidate in a political election

真题例句：

A few months ago I was nominated for Governor of the great state of New York, to run against Stewart and John.

几个月前，我被提名为纽约州州长，与斯图尔特和约翰竞选。[2020年 温州市卷 阅读理解]

He felt surprised, angry, dirty and disappointed, and finally decided to give up running for Governor.

他感到惊讶、愤怒、肮和失望，并最终决定放弃竞选州长。[2020年 温州市卷 阅读理解]

In the story, three people were running for Governor.

故事中，有三个人在竞选州长。[2020年 温州市卷 阅读理解]

( 8)v. 延伸

真题例句：

A theme is a central idea running throughout the text, connecting the characters and events.

主题是贯穿全文的中心思想，连接人物和事件。[2021年 扬州市卷 短文填空]

But there are nerves running through the middle ear that connect the tongue to the brain.

但是有神经通过中耳将舌头和大脑连接起来。[2021年 贵港市卷 阅读理解]

Each hole leads to a small tube that runs to your nose.

每个洞都通向一根小管子，这条管子通向你的鼻子。[2018年 河北省卷 阅读理解]

( 9)v. 进行; 开始

真题例句：

Instead, everything was run through virtual reality.

相反，一切都是通过虚拟现实运行的。[2021年 盘锦市卷 完形填空]

( 10)v. (run into)意外撞到

真题例句：

Another time, she nearly ran into a ship.

还有一次，她差点撞上一艘船。[2021年 郴州市卷 阅读选择]

One day I ran into a stranger as he passed by me.

一天，当一个陌生人从我身边经过时，我意外撞到了他。[2018年 青岛市卷 阅读理解]

( 11)v. (run out)被用完; 被耗尽

真题例句：

Animals' food is running out.

动物的食物快耗尽了。[2021年 成都市卷 阅读表达]

If you eat, you will get thirsty and your water will run out soon.

如果你吃东西，你就会口渴，而你的水就会很快用完。[2020年 河北省卷 阅读理解]

( 12)v/n. 变得; 成为; 趋势

真题例句：

My blood runs cold.

我心惊胆战。[2019年 贵阳市卷 任务型阅读]

必考短语

---

(1)run out of耗尽；用完

(2)run out被用完；被耗尽；用完；花光；到期；期满

(3)run across偶然碰见；偶然发现

(4)run into偶遇；碰到；陷入；与…相撞；偶然碰见；遇到

(5)run against与…相撞；偶然碰见

(6)run around东奔西跑；四处奔忙

(7)run away突然离开；逃离；逃避；避免正视

(8)run away from逃离；逃避；从...逃出

(9)run away with带着…逃离；把…用掉；轻易接受（他人的想法）；战胜；制伏；不受…的约束

(10)run after寻求；追求；孜孜以求

(11)run through遍布；贯穿；弥漫

(12)run along走开；离开；到一边去

(13)run business经营业务；经营生意；做生意

(14)run down下乡；赶上；减少；降低；缩减；耗尽；停止运转；衰退；衰弱；下降；破败

(15)run over溢出；超过；升旗

(16)run to达到；足够供…之用；有钱用于

(17)run towards跑向；飞奔向

必考派生词

---

runaway n. 逃跑者；出逃者；离家出走者

runner n. 跑动者；走私者；滑行装置；滑道；滑槽；冰刀；蔓；长匐茎；纤匐枝；长条地毯；回转磨石；上磨盘；警官；青鲹

running n. 跑；奔；管理；照管；运行；运转；赛跑

单词辨析

---

run 最普通用词，指由于各种原因而急速奔跑。

race 多用于赛跑，指以最快速度奔跑。

用法讲解

---

run作动词表“变得”时，为系动词，常接形容词作表语。如：河水开始干涸。The river was beginning to run dry.

考纲分布

---

近12年出现73次

重要程度: 5星

62%; v/n 跑; 跑步

16%; v 经营; 管理

12%; v (使)运行; 驱动

3%; v 流动

3%; v 持续

1%; phr (run into)偶然碰见

1%; v (机器)运转

1%; phr (run the risk)冒…的危险

0%; v 参加竞选

0%; n (车、船等)旅程; 航程

考纲释义

---

( 1)v/n. 跑; 跑步

真题例句：

I had to jump out of bed and run to silence it before my family was awoken.

我不得不从床上跳起来，在我的家人被吵醒之前跑去把它关掉。[2021年 天津卷 阅读理解]

I ran desperately but failed to catch up.

我拼命跑，但没能追上。[2020年 浙江卷 完形填空]

After a long run, you may feel like you're in pain, you may feel tired.

长跑后，你可能会感到疼痛，感到疲倦。[2020年 浙江卷 阅读理解]

( 2)v. 经营; 管理

真题例句：

Running the website has almost turned into a full-time job.

运营网站几乎变成了一份全职工作。[2021年 浙江卷 任务型阅读]

And "running a family household requires high-level planning and coordinating (协调)," she says.

“经营家庭需要高水平的计划和协调，”她说。[2020年 浙江卷 阅读理解]

She ran the family farm on her own.

她独自经营家庭农场。[2020年 山东卷 阅读理解]

( 3)v. (使)运行; 驱动

真题例句：

The police arrived and the motorway ran normally again.

警察来了，高速公路又恢复了正常运行。[2020年 浙江卷 完形填空]

Now he hopes that other cities will consider making their streets run smarter instead of just making them bigger.

现在，他希望其他城市会考虑让他们的街道运行得更智能，而不仅仅是让它们变得更大。[2020年 浙江卷 阅读理解]

( 4)v. 流动

真题例句：

If the rivers run faster in the future on average, the clock will get ahead of standard time.

如果河流在未来的平均速度加快，时钟将会走在标准时间之前。[2021年 北京卷 阅读理解]

Atomic time will get ahead of river time if the rivers run slower.

如果河流运行得更慢，原子时就会比河流时间快。[2021年 北京卷 阅读理解]

There exists now a park that has a small river running through.

现在有一个公园，有一条小河穿流而过。[2018年 全国卷2 改错]

( 5)v. 持续

真题例句：

Regular season runs September through May at Music Hall in summer at Riverbend.

常规赛季从九月持续到五月，夏季在河湾音乐厅举行。[2016年 全国卷3 阅读理解]

The season runs June through August, with additional performances in March and September.

这个演出季从六月持续到八月，在三月和九月还有额外的演出。[2016年 全国卷3 阅读理解]

( 6)phr. (run into)偶然碰见

真题例句：

Through the years, I'd run into former students who would provide updates on old classmates.

这些年来，我会遇到以前的学生，他们会提供老同学的最新消息。[2017年 全国卷2 完形填空]

( 7)v. (机器)运转

真题例句：

He is building a four-wheeled robot that will run on solar and electric power.

他正在制造一个使用太阳能和电力驱动的四轮机器人。[2021年 新高考II卷 阅读理解]

( 8)phr. (run the risk)冒…的危险

真题例句：

I ran the risk of losing those students who had a different style of thinking.

我冒着失去那些有着不同思维方式的学生的风险。[2016年 全国卷2 阅读理解]

( 9)v. 参加竞选

( 10)n. (车、船等)旅程; 航程

必考短语

---

(1)run out of耗尽; 用完

(2)run into偶遇; 碰到; 陷入

(3)in the long run最终; 长期地; 从长远来看

(4)run far ahead of遥遥领先

(5)run the risk冒…的危险

(6)run off跑离; 私奔

(7)run up向上跑; 升起; (使)增长

必考派生词

---

runner n. 跑动者；走私者；滑行装置；滑道；滑槽；冰刀；蔓；长匐茎；纤匐枝；长条地毯；回转磨石；上磨盘；警官；青鲹

running n. 跑；奔；管理；照管；运行；运转；赛跑

考纲分布

---

近9年出现60次

重要程度: 5星

48%; v/n 奔跑; 跑步; 匆忙前往; 逃跑

10%; v 运转; 使运行

8%; v 经营; 管理

8%; v 进行; 开始

7%; v 穿过; 通过

3%; v.phr (run counter to)与...冲突

3%; v/n 竞选

3%; v/n 使处于某种状态; 趋势

2%; v 拥有

2%; v/n 竞赛; 赛跑

2%; v/n (持续)一段时间

2%; v.phr (run into)达到

2%; v.phr (run out of)用光; 耗尽

0%; v (液体)流动; 流淌

考纲释义

---

( 1)v/n. 奔跑; 跑步; 匆忙前往; 逃跑

英文释义：go rapidly or hurriedly

真题例句：

Several of the mice are observed running around the cage walls.

观察到几只老鼠在笼子的四周奔跑。[2020年 CET4 听力]

It seems as if kids are just exercising their bodies when they're running around, they may actually be exercising their brains as well.

虽然当孩子们在四处奔跑时只是在锻炼他们的身体，但实际上他们可能也在锻炼他们的大脑。[2016年 CET4 阅读理解]

There is no point saying you run marathons if you are out of breath arriving at the interview on the second floor.

如果你到二楼面试地点时都要上气不接下气，那就别提跑马拉松了。[2016年 CET4 听力]

( 2)v. 运转; 使运行

英文释义：be in or cause to be in operation; function or cause to function

真题例句：

She thinks it's important to establish that chores are done because they keep the household running.

她认为重要的是要确定家务已经完成，因为它们可以维持家庭运转。[2020年 CET4 阅读理解C]

Each ship was coal-powered by several boilers constantly kept running by exhausted crews below deck.

每艘船都由几个锅炉提供煤动力，这些锅炉由甲板下疲惫的船员持续运行。[2018年 CET4 阅读理解]

( 3)v. 经营; 管理

英文释义：be in charge of

真题例句：

"It's a different paradigm (范式) of how to treat disease," says Dr. Brenda Rae, who helps run the family and preventive medicine residency program at Lima Linda University School of Medicine.

在利马琳达大学医学院帮助管理家庭和预防医学住院项目的布伦达-雷亚博士(Brenda Rae)说：“这是治疗疾病的不同范式。”[2018年 CET4 阅读理解]

She has once run a pre-K program.

她曾经管理过一个学前班课程。[2016年 CET4 阅读理解]

( 4)v. 进行; 开始

真题例句：

That depends on many things, but for purposes of illustration, I have run some estimates for Montreal.

这取决于很多因素，但为了说明问题，我对蒙特利尔进行了一些估算。[2021年 CET4 阅读理解C]

Why did the author run the estimates for Montreal?

作者为什么对蒙特利尔进行估算？[2021年 CET4 阅读理解C]

Ariely ran an experiment and found that when only the two "real" were offered, more people chose the less-expensive digital subscription.

Ariely进行了一项实验，发现当只提供两个“真实”时，更多的人选择了更便宜的数字订阅。[2020年 CET4 阅读理解C]

( 5)v. 穿过; 通过

英文释义：pass over; across; or through

真题例句：

Should the cars be programmed to avoid hitting a child running across the road, even if that will put their passengers at risk?

是否应该对汽车进行编程，以避免撞到横穿马路的儿童，即使那样做会使乘客处于危险之中？[2018年 CET4 阅读理解]

The first rule-examine your life-is the common thread that runs through the entire book.

第一条规则——审视你的生活——是贯穿整本书的共同主线。[2016年 CET4 阅读理解]

( 6)v.phr. (run counter to)与...冲突

真题例句：

It runs counter to the public interest.

这与公众利益背道而驰。[2021年 CET4 阅读理解C]

Such findings, which run counter to common sense, have surfaced before.

这些与常识相悖的发现以前也曾出现过。[2016年 CET4 阅读理解]

( 7)v/n. 竞选

英文释义：be a candidate in a political election

( 8)v/n. 使处于某种状态; 趋势

( 9)v. 拥有

( 10)v/n. 竞赛; 赛跑

英文释义：(of an athlete or a racehorse) compete in a race

( 11)v/n. (持续)一段时间

英文释义：continue or be valid or operative for a particular period of time

( 12)v.phr. (run into)达到

真题例句：

If even a small part of such valueless work could be removed, the savings would run into millions of dollars.

如果这些无价值工作的一小部分可以被移除，那么节省的资金将达到数百万美元。[2020年 CET4 阅读理解A]

( 13)v.phr. (run out of)用光; 耗尽

真题例句：

They ran out of food completely.

他们完全没有食物了。[2021年 CET4 听力]

( 14)v. (液体)流动; 流淌

英文释义：(with reference to a liquid) flow or cause to flow

必考短语

---

(1)run out of用光; 耗尽

(2)run across偶然碰见; 偶然发现

(3)run around忙碌; 奔忙

(4)run away突然离开; 逃离; 逃避; 避免正视

(5)run counter to违背; 有悖; 背道而驰

(6)run for奔跑追赶; 赶抢; 快跑躲避

必考派生词

---

runaway n. 逃跑者；出逃者；离家出走者

runner n. 跑动者；走私者；滑行装置；滑道；滑槽；冰刀；蔓；长匐茎；纤匐枝；长条地毯；回转磨石；上磨盘；警官；青鲹

running n. 跑；奔；管理；照管；运行；运转；赛跑

用法讲解

---

run作动词表“变得”时，为系动词，常接形容词作表语。如：河水开始干涸。The river was beginning to run dry.

考纲分布

---

近9年出现54次

重要程度: 5星

56%; v 运转; 使运行

19%; v 经营; 管理

7%; v/n 奔跑; 跑步; 匆忙前往; 逃跑

6%; v/n 使处于某种状态; 趋势

4%; v 进行; 开始

4%; v 延伸

2%; n 抢购

2%; phr (run through)贯穿

2%; v/n 上映; 演出

0%; v/n (持续)一段时间

0%; v 安排

0%; v 航行; 运输

0%; v 褪色

0%; v/n 竞选

考纲释义

---

( 1)v. 运转; 使运行

英文释义：be in or cause to be in operation; function or cause to function

真题例句：

The level of emissions they cause will depend on how the electricity to run them is generated.

它们造成的排放水平将取决于运行电力产生的方式。[2019年 CET6 阅读理解]

In Brazil, the multinational corporation Adidas has been running a shoe-recycling program called "Sustainable Footprint" since 2012.

在巴西，跨国公司阿迪达斯(Adidas)自2012年以来一直在实施一项名为“可持续足迹”的鞋子回收计划。[2019年 CET6 阅读理解]

( 2)v. 经营; 管理

英文释义：be in charge of

( 3)v/n. 奔跑; 跑步; 匆忙前往; 逃跑

英文释义：go rapidly or hurriedly

( 4)v/n. 使处于某种状态; 趋势

真题例句：

If they abandon their beliefs, they run the risk of losing social ties.

如果他们放弃信仰，他们就有失去社会联系的风险。[2021年 CET6 阅读理解B]

By injecting fear into the discourse about food, we run the risk of eroding consumer trust in single products and the food business.

通过在有关食品的讨论中注入恐惧，我们有可能削弱消费者对单一产品和食品行业的信任。[2021年 CET6 阅读理解C]

( 5)v. 进行; 开始

真题例句：

Jancke researched the effects of music lessons, and he believes that the only way to understand their effects is to run longitudinal studies.

Jancke研究了音乐课的效果，他认为了解其效果的唯一方法是进行纵向研究。[2021年 CET6 阅读理解B]

( 6)v. 延伸

英文释义：to lead or stretch

真题例句：

They are a technological leap, transporting iron ore along routes which run for hundreds of kilometers from mines to their destinations.

它们是一项技术飞跃，将铁矿石从矿山运输到目的地，运输路线长达数百公里。[2021年 CET6 听力]

These beams formed the cross-shaped roof that ran the length of the central part of the cathedral.

这些横梁构成了横跨大教堂中心部分的十字形屋顶。[2021年 CET6 阅读理解]

( 7)n. 抢购

英文释义：a situation when many people want to buy something

真题例句：

If Marconi said he thought it might rain, there was likely to be a run on umbrellas.

如果Marconi说他认为可能会下雨，那大家就很可能都跑去买雨伞。[2021年 CET6 阅读理解]

( 8)phr. (run through)贯穿

真题例句：

But that creative thinking ought to run through all of school life, infusing the way humanities and natural sciences are learned.

但这种创造性思维应该贯穿学校生活的方方面面，融入人文和自然科学的学习方式。[2021年 CET6 阅读理解]

( 9)v/n. 上映; 演出

英文释义：(of a play or exhibition) be staged or presented

( 10)v/n. (持续)一段时间

英文释义：continue or be valid or operative for a particular period of time

( 11)v. 安排

英文释义：organize the way you live or work

( 12)v. 航行; 运输

英文释义：(of a bus, train, ferry, or other form of transportation) make a regular journey on a particular route

( 13)v. 褪色

( 14)v/n. 竞选

英文释义：be a candidate in a political election

必考短语

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(1)run out被用完; 被耗尽; 用完; 花光; 到期; 期满

(2)run across偶然碰见; 偶然发现

(3)run into偶遇; 碰到; 陷入

(4)run away突然离开; 逃离; 逃避; 避免正视

(5)run after寻求; 追求; 孜孜以求

(6)run through遍布; 贯穿; 弥漫

(7)run the risk of冒着...的风险

必考派生词

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runaway n. 逃跑者；出逃者；离家出走者

runner n. 跑动者；走私者；滑行装置；滑道；滑槽；冰刀；蔓；长匐茎；纤匐枝；长条地毯；回转磨石；上磨盘；警官；青鲹

overrun v. 覆盖；蔓延于；大批出没于；超过；超越；越过；占领；武力侵占；延伸到…之外；跑过

用法讲解

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run作动词表“变得”时，为系动词，常接形容词作表语。如：河水开始干涸。The river was beginning to run dry.

考纲分布

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近16年出现34次

重要程度: 5星

12%; v 经营; 管理

9%; v 操作; 运转

9%; v 变得; 成为

6%; v/n 跑; 奔跑; 赛跑

6%; v 发表; 刊登

6%; n 一段时间

6%; vphr (run counter to)与…冲突

6%; n (run-up)前期; 准备阶段

6%; v 流动

3%; v 延展

3%; n 饲养场; 牧场

3%; v 演出; 展出

3%; n (the ～s)腹泻

3%; n/v 抽丝

3%; n (the ~)普通类型的人/物

3%; n 额定产量

3%; n 旅程; 行程; 路线

3%; v 奔忙; 赶快

3%; v 走私

3%; n [板球/棒球]一分

3%; n 抛售

0%; n 争购; 抢购

0%; v 拥有(车)

0%; v 安排

0%; n 小溪

0%; n 滑行道

0%; v/n 竞选

0%; n [金融]挤兑

0%; n/v (鱼群)洄游

0%; v 褪色

0%; v 通过

0%; v 行驶; 行进

0%; n 趋势; 趋向

考纲释义

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( 1)v. 经营; 管理

英文释义：be in charge of

真题例句：

It has become normal that well-paid executives should not be accountable for what happens in the organisations that they run.

高薪资的管理者不为发生在其组织内的事情担责，这已属正常现象。[2015年 英语一 阅读理解A]

Entergy runs 11 other reactors in the United States, including Pilgrim Nuclear station in Plymouth.

Entergy在美国运营着另外11座反应堆，包括普利茅斯的皮尔格林核电站。[2012年 英语一 阅读理解A]

Pledging to run Pilgrim safely, the company has applied for federal permission to keep it open for another 20 years.

该公司承诺安全运营Pilgrim，并已申请联邦许可，将其再开放20年。[2012年 英语一 阅读理解A]

( 2)v. 操作; 运转

英文释义：be in or cause to be in operation; function or cause to function

真题例句：

Carbon is burned as biofuel in vehicles that would otherwise run on fossil fuels.

碳作为使用化石燃料的生物燃料的车辆中燃烧。[2019年 英语二 阅读理解A]

But phones run on batteries, and batteries can die faster than we realize.

但是手机靠电池运行，电池寿命会比我们意识到的减得更快。[2019年 英语一 完型填空]

Permission to run a nuclear plant is a public trust.

允许使用核能源是公众的信任。[2012年 英语一 阅读理解A]

( 3)v. 变得; 成为

真题例句：

Arizona had attempted to fashion state policies that ran parallel to the existing federal ones.

亚利桑那州曾试图制定与现有联邦政策平行的州政策。[2013年 英语一 阅读理解A]

Often run against the current political system.

经常与现行政治制度背道而驰。[2012年 英语一 阅读理解A]

( 4)v/n. 跑; 奔跑; 赛跑

英文释义：go rapidly or hurriedly

真题例句：

Plants can't run away from danger, so investing energy in a body system would be a very poor evolutionary strategy.

植物无法逃离危险，将能量投入到身体系统中，是一个非常糟糕的进化策略。[2022年 英语一 完型填空]

People who run for the bus.

跑向公共汽车的人们。[2021年 英语二 完型填空]

Every Saturday morning, at 9 am, more than 50, 000 runners set off to run 5km around their local park.

每周六上午9点，超过50000名跑步者出发绕着他们当地的公园跑5公里。[2017年 英语二 阅读理解A]

( 5)v. 发表; 刊登

英文释义：publish or be published in a newspaper or magazine

真题例句：

"Nature gave us lips to conceal our teeth," ran one popular Victorian maxim.

一则维多利亚时代发表的箴言称“自然予我们嘴唇以掩藏牙齿”。[2021年 英语一 阅读理解A]

( 6)n. 一段时间

英文释义：a particular period of time

真题例句：

The author examines the practice of grade forgiveness by listing its long-run effects.

作者通过列举等级宽恕的长期影响来检验等级宽恕的实践。[2019年 英语一 阅读理解A]

( 7)vphr. (run counter to)与…冲突

真题例句：

I don't like quotas either; they run counter to my belief in meritocracy, governance by the capable.

我也不喜欢配额；它们与我对精英管理、由有能力的人治理的信念背道而驰。[2013年 英语二 阅读理解A]

( 8)n. (run-up)前期; 准备阶段

真题例句：

The number of adults doing weekly sport did rise, by nearly 2 million in the run-up to 2012.

在2012年之前，每周做运动的成年人数量确实增加了近200万。[2017年 英语二 阅读理解A]

( 9)v. 流动

英文释义：(with reference to a liquid) flow or cause to flow

( 10)v. 延展

英文释义：(cause to) extend in a particular direction

( 11)n. 饲养场; 牧场

英文释义：an enclosure for animals where they may feed and exercise

( 12)v. 演出; 展出

英文释义：(of a play or exhibition) be staged or presented

( 13)n. (the ～s)腹泻

英文释义：a condition of the bowels in which the contents are passed out of the body too often and in a form that is too liquid

( 14)n/v. 抽丝

英文释义：a long, vertical hole in tights and stockings

( 15)n. (the ~)普通类型的人/物

英文释义：the average or usual type of person or thing

( 16)n. 额定产量

英文释义：a quantity or amount of something produced at one time

( 17)n. 旅程; 行程; 路线

英文释义：a journey accomplished or route taken by a vehicle, aircraft, or boat, especially on a regular basis

( 18)v. 奔忙; 赶快

( 19)v. 走私

英文释义：take guns or drugs illegally from one place to another

( 20)n. [板球/棒球]一分

( 21)n. 抛售

英文释义：a situation in which many people suddenly sell a particular product

( 22)n. 争购; 抢购

英文释义：a situation in which many people suddenly buy a particular product

( 23)v. 拥有(车)

( 24)v. 安排

英文释义：organize the way you live or work

( 25)n. 小溪

英文释义：a small stream or brook

( 26)n. 滑行道

( 27)v/n. 竞选

英文释义：be a candidate in a political election

( 28)n. [金融]挤兑

英文释义：a sudden demand for repayment from a bank made by a large number of lenders

( 29)n/v. (鱼群)洄游

英文释义：an annual mass migration of fish up a river to spawn, or their return migration afterward

( 30)v. 褪色

( 31)v. 通过

( 32)v. 行驶; 行进

英文释义：(of a bus, train, ferry, or other form of transportation) make a regular journey on a particular route

( 33)n. 趋势; 趋向

必考短语

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(1)run out被用完；被耗尽；用完；花光；到期；期满

(2)run against与...相撞；偶然碰见

(3)run away from逃离；逃避；从...逃出

(4)run counter to违背；与...冲突；背道而驰

(5)run for竞选；运行；运营

必考派生词

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runaway n. 逃跑者；出逃者；离家出走者

runner n. 跑动者；走私者；滑行装置；滑道；滑槽；冰刀；蔓；长匐茎；纤匐枝；长条地毯；回转磨石；上磨盘；警官；青鲹

running n. 跑；奔；管理；照管；运行；运转；赛跑

(1)Run away, Simba. Run. Run away and never return.

跑的远远的，辛巴快跑，跑的远远的，再也不要回来了。《The Lion King》《狮子王》

(2)I was wrong. I'm sorry. Run. Run!

看来我错了，真抱歉，快跑，跑啊！《Kung Fu Panda 3》《功夫熊猫3》

(3)Stay back! I've got kiwi. Run, Joey, run!

别过来，我有奇异果，跑呀，乔伊。《Friends Season 2》《老友记 第二季》

(4)Pheebs, run. Run, Phoebe, run. Touchdown. Touchdown. Hello, the buzzer buzzed. It doesn't count.

菲比，快跑，快跑，菲比，快跑，触地得分！铃声响了，不算。《Friends Season 3》《老友记 第三季》

(5)Fun Run

趣味赛跑《Peppa Pig Season 3》《小猪佩奇 第三季》

(6)Justin Bieber got a hit and run, Chris Brown got a hit and run, Rihanna got hit and still didn't run.

贾斯汀·比伯和克里斯·布朗肇事逃逸了，但蕾哈娜被打了却没有跑。《2 Broke Girls Season 3》《破产姐妹 第三季》

(7)Hey. I got great news. Run, Joey. Run for your life.

嘿，我有好消息。快跑，乔伊，逃命去吧。《Friends Season 3》《老友记 第三季》

(8)What's a funny run? It's a day for picnics and giving money to see people run. The more money you give, the further they run.

什么是募捐长跑呀？是大家在一起野餐，然后募捐给那些跑步的人。只要你跑得越远，筹到的钱也就越多。《Peppa Pig Season 3》《小猪佩奇 第三季》

(9)Maybe you should run away more.

你应该试着多逃跑。《Ice Age: The Meltdown》《冰川时代2》

(10)Alicia. What's up? Peter should run. What? I said, I think Peter should run.

艾丽西娅，怎么了？彼得应该去参加竞选。什么？我说，我认为彼得应该去参加竞选。《The Good Wife Season 7》《傲骨贤妻第七季》

(11)Who are you? What do you say we get out of here? What are you doing? Run, run!

你到底是谁？不如我们离开这里怎么样？你在干什么？跑，快跑！《Modern Family Season 6 》《摩登家庭 第六季》

(12)I can run at a hundred miles an hour. I can run at a million miles an hour.

我一小时能跑一百公里。我一小时能跑一百万公里。《Peppa Pig Season 2》《粉红猪小妹 第二季》

(13)You're going to run like a coward?

你只是想像懦夫一样逃跑？《Pan》《小飞侠：幻梦启航》

(14)Good idea, Daddy Pig. How far can you run? What? Well, I can run as far as you like.

真是个好主意，猪爸爸！那么你能跑多远呢？什么？呃，你想让我跑多远我就能跑多远。《Peppa Pig Season 3》《小猪佩奇 第三季》

(15)It is the day of the fun run. Madame Gazelle has a chart to show how far Daddy Pig must run.

今天就是募捐长跑的日子。羚羊夫人有张图表，上面显示了猪爸爸要跑多少公里。《Peppa Pig Season 3》《小猪佩奇 第三季》

(16)You see? My shadow is still underneath me. Run faster. Even if I run faster, my shadow keeps up with me.

你们看？我的影子一直都在我脚下。再跑快一点！就算是我再跑得快一点，我的影子也还是跟着我。《Peppa Pig Season 4》《小猪佩奇 第四季》

(17)Your luck will run out, eventually.

你的好运迟早会用完。《Monsters University》《怪兽大学》

(18)Truck, wiggle out, jump, run.

上卡车，扭出来，跳下去，快跑。《Room》《房间》

(19)Good. Does anyone else want to run? No, thank you. But I will give money to see Daddy Pig run.

很好。还有其他人想一起跑吗？不用了，谢谢！但是我会捐钱出来支持猪爸爸跑步的！《Peppa Pig Season 3》《小猪佩奇 第三季》

(20)Would you wanna run for State's Attorney?

你想竞选州检察官吗？《The Good Wife Season 6》《傲骨贤妻 第六季》