abstract是什么意思

短语搭配

(1)abstract reasoning抽象推理；抽象推论

(2)in the abstract抽象地, 理论上

(3)abstract art抽象派艺术

(4)abstract expressionism抽象表现主义

(5)abstract of title产权契据摘要

(6)abstract concept抽象概念

(7)abstract class抽象类；抽象类别

(8)abstract painting抽象画；抽象绘画

(9)abstract method抽象法；抽象方法；层抽象

(10)abstract idea抽象概念

(11)abstract algebra抽象代数

(12)abstract term抽象术语；抽象语词

双语例句

(1)May have greater facility in abstract reasoning.

在抽象推理方面有更强的能力。

(2)Abstract words like truth or equality.

像真理或平等之类的抽象词语。

(3)The abstract must be made concrete by examples.

抽象概念必须用例子来具体说明。

(4)As our relationship deepened you seemed to abstract yourself.

我们的关系加深了，而你却似乎想退出。

(5)The abstract philosophy of Cicero has lost its credit.

西塞罗的抽象哲学已失去了可信性。

(6)There's a fine line between promoting US business interests in the abstract and promoting specific companies.

增进美国的全局商业利益和促进具体公司的发展之间有微妙的差别。

(7)He combines his reductive abstract shapes with a rippled surface.

他将极简艺术的抽象形状与波纹表面结合在一起。

(8)Staff who index and abstract material for an online database.

为在线数据库编写索引和材料摘要的人员。

(9)The novel was too abstract and esoteric to sustain much attention.

这本小说太玄奥以至于没能引起多少注意。

(10)He was in the eye of the storm of abstract art.

他身处抽象艺术的风口浪尖。

同义词

n. 摘要；抽象；抽象的概念

adj. 抽象的；深奥的

vt. 摘要；提取；使……抽象化

反义词

词根词缀

同前缀词 abs- 离开

(1)abstain v. 克制；有意回避；弃权；戒酒

(2)abstruse adj. 深奥难懂的；晦涩的

同根词 tract 拉, 拖

(1)detract v. 贬损；贬低；抹杀；转移；分散；使分心；否认（或淡化）（某种品质或成就）以贬低

(2)extract v. 取出；拔出；提取；提炼；摘录；选取；总结出；抄录；推断出；引申出

(3)retract v. 缩回；缩进；撤回；收回；违背；将（身体部分）缩回；收起

(4)attract v. 引来；吸引；引起；诱惑；激起；使（人）产生兴趣

(5)contract n. 合同；契约；合同法；契约法；暗杀协议；定约；定约墩数；婚约

(6)subtract v. 减；减去；减少；删减

(7)tractor n. 拖拉机

(8)intractable adj. 难控制的；难压制的；难处理的；难对付的；棘手的；倔强的；难相处的

(9)protract v. 延长；拖延

(10)distract v. 分散；使分心；分心；分散注意力；转移；使困惑；使迷惑

同根词

词根 abstract

(1)abstracted adj. 心不在焉的；出神的；分离出来的；抽出的

(2)abstractionist adj. 抽象派艺术的n. 抽象派艺术家；理想主义者

(3)abstractive adj. 摘要式的；具有抽象能力的

(4)abstractly adv. 抽象地；理论上地

(5)abstractedly adv. 茫然地；抽象地；心不在焉地

(6)abstraction n. 抽象；提取；抽象概念；空想；心不在焉

(7)abstractionism n. 抽象派艺术；抽象主义理论

(8)abstractor n. 萃取器；[图情] 摘录者

单词辨析

摘要；概要；概括

(1)abstract 指论文、书籍等正文前的内容摘要，尤指学术论文或法律文件的研究提要。

(2)summary 普通用词，指将书籍或文章等的内容，用寥寥数语作简明扼要的说明。

(3)resume 源于洁语，与summary极相近，通常可互换使用。

(4)digest 侧重对原文融汇贯通，重新谋篇布局，以简明扼要的语言，简短篇幅成文，展现原作精华。

(5)outline 指配以释议文字的提纲。

释义

adj.

existing in thought or as an idea but not having a physical or concrete existence

抽象的

abstract concepts such as love or beauty.

诸如爱或美之类的抽象概念。

dealing with ideas rather than events

纯概念的

the novel was too abstract and esoteric to sustain much attention.

这本小说太玄奥以至于没能引起多少注意。

not based on a particular instance; theoretical

理论上的；不切实际的

we have been discussing the problem in a very abstract manner.

我们一直在不切实际地讨论这个问题。

(of a word, especially a noun)denoting an idea, quality, or state rather than a concrete object

（词汇，尤指名词）抽象的

abstract words like truth or equality.

像真理或平等之类的抽象词语。

of or relating to abstract art

（与）抽象派（有关）的

abstract pictures.

抽象画。

v.

consider (something) theoretically or separately from something else

抽象化，从理论上（或孤立地）考虑

to abstract science and religion from their historical context can lead to anachronism.

抽去历史背景孤立地考虑科学和宗教可能导致年代误植。

[no obj.]form a general idea in this way

形成抽象概念

he cannot form a general notion by abstracting from particulars.

他无法从个别事项中抽象出一般概念。

extract or remove (something)

提取，去除（某物）

applications to abstract more water from streams.

从溪流中抽取更多水的设备。

used euphemistically to indicate that someone has stolen something

〈婉〉 拿走（暗指偷窃）

his pockets contained all he had been able to abstract from the flat.

他口袋里装满了所有他能从公寓里“拿”走的东西。

(abstract oneself)withdraw

退出

as our relationship deepened you seemed to abstract yourself.

我们的关系加深了，而你却似乎想退出。

make a written summary of (an article or book)

写（文章，书）的摘要

staff who index and abstract material for an online database.

为在线数据库编写索引和材料摘要的人员。

n.

a summary or statement of the contents of a book, article, or formal speech

摘要，梗概

an abstract of her speech.

她的讲话摘要。

an abstract work of art

抽象艺术作品

a big unframed abstract.

一张大幅的无边框抽象画。

(the abstract)that which is abstract; the theoretical consideration of something

抽象的东西；理论思考

the abstract must be made concrete by examples.

抽象概念必须用例子来具体说明。

短语

in the abstract in a general way; without reference to specific instances 泛泛地；总体地；抽象地 there's a fine line between promoting US business interests in the abstract and promoting specific companies. 增进美国的全局商业利益和促进具体公司的发展之间有微妙的差别

词源

"Middle English： from Latin abstractus, literally ‘drawn away', past participle of abstrahere, from ab- ‘from' + trahere ‘draw off’."

考纲分布

近8年出现1次

重要程度: 4星

100%; adj/n 抽象的(作品/概念)

考纲释义

( 1)adj/n. 抽象的(作品/概念)

英文释义：existing in thought or as an idea but not having a physical or concrete existence

真题例句：

How something as abstract as a Charlie Parker record gets us into a dialogue about our emotions and our thoughts?

像查理·帕克的唱片这样抽象的东西是如何让我们进入关于我们的情感和思想的对话的？[2017年 全国卷1 阅读理解]

考纲分布

近6年出现2次

重要程度: 5星

100%; adj/n 抽象的; 抽象派的

0%; v 提取; 分离

0%; v/n 摘要

考纲释义

( 1)adj/n. 抽象的; 抽象派的

英文释义：existing in thought or as an idea but not having a physical or concrete existence

真题例句：

May have greater facility in abstract reasoning.

在抽象推理方面有更强的能力。[2016年 CET4 阅读理解]

The study found that certain mental functions-including measures of abstract reasoning, mental speed and puzzle-solving-started to dull as early as age 27.

研究发现，某些脑部功能——包括抽象推理、思维速度和解谜能力——早在27岁时就开始变得迟钝。[2016年 CET4 阅读理解]

( 2)v. 提取; 分离

英文释义：extract or remove something

( 3)v/n. 摘要

英文释义：make a written summary of an article or book

必考短语

(1)abstract reasoning抽象推理; 抽象推论

单词辨析

abstract 指论文、书籍等正文前的内容摘要，尤指学术论文或法律文件的研究提要。

digest 侧重对原文融汇贯通，重新谋篇布局，以简明扼要的语言，简短篇幅成文，展现原作精华。

考纲分布

近6年出现6次

重要程度: 5星

66.67%; adj/n 抽象的(作品/概念等); 抽象派的

33.33%; v/n 摘要

考纲释义

( 1)adj/n. 抽象的(作品/概念等); 抽象派的

英文释义：existing in thought or as an idea but not having a physical or concrete existence

真题例句：

Schellenberg had long been skeptical of the science supporting claims that music education enhances children's abstract reasoning, math, or language skills.

长期以来，Schellenberg一直对音乐教育能提高儿童的抽象推理、数学或语言技能的说法的科学依据持怀疑态度。[2021年 CET6 阅读理解B]

( 2)v/n. 摘要

英文释义：make a written summary of an article or book

真题例句：

Researchers then looked for telltale verbs in each paper's title and abstract, verbs like "enhance", "promote", "facilitate", and "strengthen".

然后，研究人员在每篇论文的标题和摘要中寻找能说明问题的动词，比如“增强”、“促进”、“促进”和“加强”。[2021年 CET6 阅读理解B]

单词辨析

abstract 指论文、书籍等正文前的内容摘要, 尤指学术论文或法律文件的研究提要。

digest 侧重对原文融汇贯通, 重新谋篇布局, 以简明扼要的语言, 简短篇幅成文, 展现原作精华。

考纲分布

近11年出现0次

重要程度: 3星

0%; v 提取

0%; adj/n/v 抽象的; 抽象物; 抽象化

0%; v/n (写)摘要

考纲释义

( 1)v. 提取

英文释义：extract or remove something

( 2)adj/n/v. 抽象的; 抽象物; 抽象化

英文释义：existing in thought or as an idea but not having a physical or concrete existence

( 3)v/n. (写)摘要

英文释义：make a written summary of an article or book

必考派生词

abstractly adv. 抽象地；理论上地

用法讲解

abstract作动词时，为及物动词，常用搭配为abstract sth. (from sth.)，如：abstract the main points from the argument 从论点中抽象出要点。

(1)Bing Bong says it's the quickest way to Headquarters. No. But Joy, this is abstract thought.

冰棒说这是回总部最快的方法。不，但是"乐乐"，这是抽象思维。《Inside Out》《头脑特工队》