strain是什么意思

短语搭配

(1)place a strain on给...施加压力

(2)strain at the leash急于, 迫不及待

(3)strain gauge应变仪；伸长计；变形测定器

(4)repetitive strain injury反复性劳损

(5)strain energy应变能；应变能量

(6)eye strain眼疲劳

(7)at strain全力以赴；竭尽全力

(8)at full strain全力以赴；竭尽全力

(9)strain rate应变率；应变速度；应变速率

(10)plane strain平面应变

(11)shear strain剪应变；切应变

(12)plastic strain塑性应变

(13)strain hardening应变硬化；形变硬化

(14)tensile strain拉伸应变；张力应变；拉伸变形

(15)strain gage应变片；应变计；应变规

(16)constant strain恒定应变

(17)severe strain危险应变；极度紧张

(18)strain relief应变救灾；应变缓解；应变消除

(19)great strain巨大的压力；大应变

(20)strain capacity应变能力；应变性能；应变量

(21)type strain模式菌株；模式株

(22)mental strain精神紧张；心理紧张；心理压力

(23)critical strain临界应变

(24)nervous strain紧张的压力；神经紧张

(25)drug-resistant strain耐药菌株

(26)feel strain觉得有压力；觉得很紧张

(27)relieve strain减缓压力

(28)bear strain承受压力

(29)strain band应变带

(30)strain produce压力产生

(31)stand strain忍受辛劳

(32)creak under the strain因负担过重而效率低下；由于压力过大而运转不灵

双语例句

(1)The dog strained at the chain around its neck.

那条狗使劲地拉着它脖子上的链子。

(2)He suffered a strain in his leg due to a wrong posture.

他由于运动姿势错误导致腿部拉伤。

(3)We strained the rope so that he could climb up the wall.

我们拉紧绳子以便他能爬上墙。

(4)Strain the noodles, and put them in the bowl.

过滤掉面条的水 然后把他们放到碗里

(5)The increasing amount of debt is putting a real strain on the economy.

日渐增加的债务给经济带来了切实压力。

(6)His constant business trips put a strain on their marriage.

频繁的出差让他们的婚姻关系有些紧张。

(7)Are you still paying those back? That must put a strain on your wallet.

你还在还那些贷款吗?那你的钱包一定压力不小。

(8)Her new job has put a great strain on her.

她的新工作使她感到负担很重。

(9)Moving house put a severe strain on our finances.

搬家使我们的经济十分紧张。

(10)Their marriage is under great strain at the moment.

眼下他们的婚姻关系非常紧张。

(11)I sometimes find it a strain to be responsible for the mortgage.

我有时发现偿还抵押借款是个负担。

(12)Relations with neighbouring countries are under strain at present.

目前，与邻国的关系正处于紧张状态。

同义词

n. 张力；拉紧；负担；扭伤；血缘

vi. 拉紧；尽力

vt. 拉紧；滥用；滤去；竭力

反义词

同根词

词根 strain

(1)strained adj. 紧张的；勉强的；牵强附会的；滤过的v. 使紧张（动词strain的过去式和过去分词）

(2)strainer n. 过滤器；松紧扣；用力拉的人，拉紧者

单词辨析

压力；重压；紧张

(1)pressure 在科学上，指单位面积上所受到的压力。用于引申时，指某事物所产生的压力或影响力等。

(2)strain 指某人为克服外力界压力而造成的身心和情绪等方面的压抑。用于物时，指任何力或合力作用于一个物体上面造成的应变。

(3)stress 侧重指承受外来的压力，也指由于某种原因而引起的心理、生理或情绪上的紧张。

(4)tension 多指因关系不好或其它原因而出现的紧张状态，也指某物被过度伸展的程度或状态。

释义

v.

1[with obj.] force (a part of one's body or oneself) to make a strenuous or unusually great effort

竭尽全力，使（身体部位）充分发挥功能

I stopped and listened, straining my ears for any sound.

我停下来，竖起耳朵倾听各种声响。

injure (a limb, muscle, or organ) by overexerting it or twisting it awkwardly

（因过劳而）扭伤，损伤（四肢，肌肉，器官）

on cold days you are more likely to strain a muscle

在寒冷的日子更容易拉伤肌肉

glare from the screen can strain your eyes.

屏幕上发出的耀眼的光会伤害你的眼睛。

[no obj.]make a strenuous and continuous effort

尽力，努力，使劲

his voice was so quiet that I had to strain to hear it.

他的声音那么轻，我得使劲听才听得见。

make severe or excessive demands on

过多要求

he strained her tolerance to the limit.

他使她忍无可忍。

[no obj.]pull or push forcibly at something

用力拉，紧拉；用力推，紧推

the bear strained at the chain around its neck

那头熊使劲地拉扯套在它脖子上的链条

his stomach was swollen, straining against the thin shirt.

他的肚子隆了起来，把薄衬衫撑得紧紧的。

stretch (something) tightly

拉紧；张紧；绷紧

the barbed wire fence was strained to posts six feet high.

倒刺铁丝网紧紧地绷在六英尺高的柱子上。

archaic embrace (someone) tightly

〈古〉 抱紧

she strained the infant to her bosom again.

　她又把那婴儿紧紧地搂在怀里。

2[with obj.] pour (a mainly liquid substance) through a porous or perforated device or material in order to separate out any solid matter

将（液体物质）过滤（以除去固体物质）

strain the custard into a bowl.

把蛋奶沙司滤到碗里。

cause liquid to drain off (food which has been boiled, soaked, or canned) by using such a device

（用过滤装置）滤出　（煮、浸泡或罐装食物）的液体。

drain off (liquid) in this way

滤掉（液体）

strain off the surplus fat.

把多余的脂肪滤掉。

n.

1 a force tending to pull or stretch something to an extreme or damaging degree

（把某物拉到极端或损害程度的）拉力，张力

the usual type of chair puts an enormous strain on the spine

普通的椅子使脊柱要承受巨大的作用力

[mass noun]aluminium may bend under strain.

铝在张力的作用下会弯曲。

Physics the magnitude of a deformation, equal to the change in the dimension of a deformed object divided by its original dimension

【物理】 应变，胁变。

an injury to a part of the body caused by overexertion or twisting a muscle awkwardly

损伤，扭伤

he has a slight groin strain.

他腹股沟有轻微损伤。

2 a severe or excessive demand on the strength, resources, or abilities of someone or something

（对力量、资源或能力的）过分要求；过高要求

the accusations put a strain on relations between the two countries

这些指责使两个国家的关系紧张起来

[mass noun]she's obviously under considerable strain .

很明显，她承受的压力非常大。

[mass noun]a state of tension or exhaustion resulting from this

极度紧张；过度劳累

the telltale signs of nervous strain.

神经过度紧张的明显迹象。

（一般作strains） the sound of piece of music as it is played or performed

旋律，曲调

from within the flat could be heard the strains of country and western music.

可以听到从公寓里面传来的乡村和西部音乐的旋律。

n.

1 a breed, stock, or variety of an animal or plant developed by breeding

（动、植物的）系，品系；品种，种类。

a natural or cultured variety of a micro-organism with a distinct form, biochemistry, or virulence

（微生物的）（菌）株，（菌）系；品种；类型。

2 a particular tendency as part of a person's character

品质，气质；生性，个性特点

there was a powerful strain of insanity on her mother's side of the family.

在她母亲的家族方面有很强的精神病遗传特性。

a variety of a particular abstract thing

（抽象东西的）种，类，类型

a strain of feminist thought.

一种女权主义的思想。

短语

at （full） strain archaic using the utmost effort 〈古〉 全力以赴，竭尽全力

strain every nerve 见NERVE. strain at the leash 见LEASH.

类似拼写词

strain v. 竭尽全力；使（身体部位）充分发挥功能；将…过滤；拉紧；努力；绷紧；使劲；张紧；尽力；扭伤

train v. 训练；对准；瞄准；乘火车；引诱；受训练；对（智能；体能）进行训练；使朝某方向生长；成某形状

词源

"Middle English （as a verb）： from Old French estreindre, from Latin stringere ‘draw tight'. Current senses of the noun arose in the mid 16th cent.Old English strīon ‘acquisition, gain', of Germanic origin; related to Latin struere ‘to build up’."

考纲分布

近6年出现7次

重要程度: 5星

100%; n (动/植物的)品种

0%; n 劳损; 拉伤

考纲释义

( 1)n. (动/植物的)品种

真题例句：

Chinese scientist Yuan Longping, renowned or developing the first hybrid rice strain, died of organ failure at 91 on May 22nd, 2021.

中国著名的杂交水稻品种科学家袁隆平于2021年5月22日死于器官衰竭，享年91岁。[2021年 常德市卷 语法填空]

Now more than 60% of the rice produced in China each year is from the hybrid rice strain (品种, 种类) .

现在，中国每年生产的大米有60%以上是产自杂交水稻品种。[2021年 营口市卷 阅读理解]

60% of the rice output is from common strains.

60%的水稻产量来自普通品种。[2021年 营口市卷 阅读理解]

( 2)n. 劳损; 拉伤

真题例句：

Looking at a smartphone for a long time can cause eye strain (劳损), headaches and dry eyes.

长时间看智能手机会导致眼睛疲劳、头痛和眼睛干涩。[2020年 云南省 阅读理解]

This can cause muscle strain, headaches, back, neck and arm pain.

这会导致肌肉拉伤、头痛、背部、颈部和手臂疼痛。[2019年 连云港卷 阅读理解]

必考短语

(1)muscle strain肌肉扭伤；肌肉拉伤

(2)hybrid rice strain杂交水稻品种

必考派生词

strained adj. 疲惫的；疲劳的；神经紧张的；滤过的；紧张的；不宽松的；强装的；不自然的；牵强附会的

考纲分布

近12年出现0次

重要程度: 2星

0%; n 压力; 紧张; 张力

0%; v 拉伤; 使劲

考纲释义

( 1)n. 压力; 紧张; 张力

( 2)v. 拉伤; 使劲

必考派生词

strainer n. 过滤器；滤筛；滤网

考纲分布

近9年出现13次

重要程度: 5星

31%; n 品种

31%; n/v (心理)压力

15%; n/v 扭伤; 拉伤

15%; v 尽力

8%; n/v (施加)作用力; 拉力

考纲释义

( 1)n. 品种

英文释义：a particular breed of an animal or plant

真题例句：

Develop a new strain of coffee bean.

开发一种新的咖啡豆品种。[2021年 CET4 听力]

For example, 10 bacteria or less of an especially deadly strain of bacteria can cause severe illness and death in people with compromised immune systems.

例如，10个或更少的特别致命的细菌菌株，就能使免疫系统受损的人得重病和死亡。[2018年 CET4 阅读理解]

( 2)n/v. (心理)压力

英文释义：difficulty that causes worry or emotional tension

真题例句：

Even among those who are married, 30% of relationships are severely strained.

即使是在已婚人士中，30%的关系也是严重紧张的。[2021年 CET4 阅读理解A]

( 3)n/v. 扭伤; 拉伤

英文释义：an injury to a part of the body caused by overexertion or twisting

( 4)v. 尽力

真题例句：

By 1814, people crowded outside the bakery, straining for a glimpse of the latest sweet food created by the young chef who worked inside.

1814年，人们挤在面包店外面，努力瞥了一眼在里面工作的年轻的厨师所创造的最新甜点。[2018年 CET4 阅读理解]

( 5)n/v. (施加)作用力; 拉力

英文释义：a force tending to pull or stretch something to an extreme or damaging degree

单词辨析

strain 指影响身心健康的紧张状态。

stress 指由生活、工作导致的心理或生理上的紧张。

tension 常指关系的紧张形势。

考纲分布

近9年出现9次

重要程度: 5星

56%; n 品种

22%; n 压力

11%; v 尽力

11%; n/v 扭伤; 拉伤

考纲释义

( 1)n. 品种

英文释义：a particular breed of an animal or plant

真题例句：

Over the next year and a half investigators will test the various strains of saline-tolerant rice they've concocted.

在接下来的一年半时间里，调查员将测试他们培育出的各种耐盐水稻。[2018年 CET6 阅读理解]

The problem has grown into such epidemic proportions that this severe strain of resistant bacteria is being blamed for nearly 700, 000 deaths each year.

这个问题已经发展到如此流行的程度，以至于每年有近70万人因这种严重的耐药细菌而死亡。[2017年 CET6 听力]

( 2)n. 压力

英文释义：pressure

真题例句：

Vital local services including waste collection, park maintenance and arts and culture spending are under unprecedented strain.

包括废物收集、公园维护和艺术文化支出在内的重要地方服务都面临着前所未有的压力。[2021年 CET6 阅读理解]

Turning every single word into the target language would put too much strain on the interpreter and slow down the whole process too much.

将每个单词都翻译成目标语言会给翻译人员带来很大的压力，并大大降低整个过程的速度。[2016年 CET6 听力]

( 3)v. 尽力

( 4)n/v. 扭伤; 拉伤

英文释义：an injury to a part of the body caused by overexertion or twisting

考纲分布

近16年出现3次

重要程度: 4星

200%; n/v (心理)压力

0%; v 过度使用

0%; n/v 扭伤; 拉伤

0%; n 品种

0%; v 尽力

0%; n/v (施加)拉力

考纲释义

( 1)n/v. (心理)压力

英文释义：difficulty that causes worry or emotional tension

真题例句：

For example, a high growth rate placed great strains on the existing structures of governance, of administration, and above all of socialization.

例如，高增长率给现有的治理结构、行政结构、尤其是社会化结构带来了巨大压力。[2021年 英语一 翻译]

( 2)v. 过度使用

真题例句：

It must rely on low-wage overseas labor, order in volumes that strain natural resources, and use massive amounts of harmful chemicals.

它必须依靠廉价的海外劳动力，大批量订货以致过度消耗自然资源，还有使用大量的有害化学物质。[2013年 英语一 阅读理解A]

( 3)n/v. 扭伤; 拉伤

英文释义：an injury to a part of the body caused by overexertion or twisting

( 4)n. 品种

英文释义：a particular breed of an animal or plant

( 5)v. 尽力

( 6)n/v. (施加)拉力

英文释义：a force tending to pull or stretch something to an extreme or damaging degree

必考短语

(1)place a strain on给...施加压力

用法讲解

strain作动词，表示“过度使用”时，为及物动词，可直接跟名词。例： Increases in oil prices have strained the company's finances. 油料价格的上涨让公司财务支出过多。

(1)Could be pneumococcal. Most likely an aggressive flu strain.

可能是肺炎球菌，很可能是一种急性流感。《The Walking Dead S4》《行尸走肉 第四季》

(2)I've already developed a virus strain that I think will be more aggressive.

我已经研发出一个病种我认为会更有效。《Rise of the Planet of the Apes》《猩球崛起》

(3)Your body will strain to reject the poison by profusely sweating, defecating, vomiting.

免疫系统会尽其所能排除毒素，大量出汗，上吐下泻。《The Interview》《采访》

(4)Well, I can appreciate that. Gas prices right now are putting a strain on everybody's pocketbooks. Isn't that true?

我理解拼车的各位，这年头的油价快把大家都烧穷了。你们说对不对？《House of Cards Season 4》《纸牌屋 第四季》