gene是什么意思

短语搭配

(1)be in the genes基因使然；是遗传的

(2)gene therapy基因疗法

(3)gene pool基因库

(4)gene expression基因表达

(5)gene silencing基因沉默；切断基因显现

(6)horizontal gene transfer水平基因转移

(7)gene conversion基因转换

(8)terminator gene终结基因

(9)jumping gene转座子，转位子

(10)gene flow基因流

(11)single gene单基因

(12)foreign gene外源基因,异体基因

(13)candidate gene候选基因

(14)human gene人类基因

(15)gene rearrangement基因重排；重排基因；基因的重排

(16)specific gene特异基因；特定基因

(17)gene deletion基因缺失

(18)mutant gene突变基因

(19)disease gene疾病基因；致病基因；病基因

(20)defective gene有缺陷的基因

(21)human gene therapy人类基因疗法；人类基因治疗

(22)abnormal gene异常基因

(23)use gene使用基因

(24)bacterial gene细菌基因

(25)disease-causing gene致病基因

(26)clone gene基因克隆；克隆基因

(27)find gene发现基因

(28)gene symbol基因符号；基因记号

(29)gene dose基因剂量；基因分量

(30)inherit gene遗产基因

(31)link gene连接基因

双语例句

(1)The defective gene can cause various illnesses.

这种有缺陷的基因可以引起各种疾病。

(2)The difference in genes determines the individual differences.

基因的不同决定了每个个体的不同。

(3)The genes of this virus have been studied for many years.

对于这个病毒的基因已经研究了很多年。

(4)A gene is a segment of the DNA molecule.

基因是一个DNA的分子段

(5)Gene editing used to fight cancer

基因编辑对抗癌症

(6)Scientists may have found the skinny gene

科学家或发现体瘦基因

(7)According to new published research, scientists may have discovered the gene that keeps people slim.

最近发布的研究显示，科学家或已发现帮助人们保持苗条身材的基因。

(8)The researchers said that targeting the gene using treatments might help fight obesity in the future.

研究人员表示，未来针对该基因的靶向治疗可能会帮助人们对抗肥胖。

(9)The prize in chemistry was awarded to two female scientists who developed a gene editing method in 2012.

本届诺贝尔化学奖授予两位女性科学家，她们于2012年开发出一种基因编辑方法。

(10)The gene for asthma has been identified.

哮喘病的基因已被识别。

(11)The gene is activated by a specific protein.

这种基因由一种特异性蛋白激活。

(12)The gene is only part of the causation of illness.

基因只是疾病的部分诱因。

(13)Sickle-cell anaemia is passed on through a recessive gene.

镰状细胞贫血通过隐性基因遗传给后代。

(14)It is far too early to make sweeping statements about gene therapy.

对基因疗法进行概括地说明还为时尚早。

同义词

n. 基因，遗传因子

释义

n.

Biology (in informal use) a unit of heredity which is transferred from a parent to offspring and is held to determine some characteristic of the offspring

【生】 〈非正式〉 遗传因子

divorce is determined by your genes.

离婚是你们家遗传的。

(in technical use)a distinct sequence of nucleotides forming part of a chromosome, the order of which determines the order of monomers in a polypeptide or nucleic acid molecule which a cell (or virus) may synthesize

〈技〉 基因。

词源

"early 20th cent.: from German Gen, from Pangen, a supposed ultimate unit of heredity （from Greek pan- ‘all' + genos ‘race, kind, offspring’）."

考纲分布

近6年出现19次

重要程度: 5星

79%; n 基因

21%; n (Gene)人名; 吉恩

考纲释义

( 1)n. 基因

真题例句：

It is because of small things called "genes (基因)" in our body.

这是因为我们身体里有一种叫做“基因”的小东西。[2021年 广安市卷 阅读理解]

However，genes can't control everything，argues geneticist Danielle Reed，who also studies twins.

然而，同样研究双胞胎的遗传学家丹妮尔·里德认为，基因不能控制一切。[2021年 江西省卷 阅读理解]

Now scientists are discovering that the boundaries (界限) between genes and environment are not so clear.

现在科学家们发现基因和环境之间的界限并不那么清晰。[2021年 江西省卷 阅读理解]

( 2)n. (Gene)人名; 吉恩

真题例句：

When I saw astronaut Gene Cernan walking on the Moon，I told myself，“I want to be an astronaut.”

当我看到宇航员吉恩·塞尔南在月球上行走时，我告诉自己:“我想成为一名宇航员。”[2021年 台州市卷 任务型阅读]

考纲分布

近12年出现6次

重要程度: 4星

83%; n 基因

17%; n (Gene)人名; 吉恩

考纲释义

( 1)n. 基因

真题例句：

These genes were much more active when the men had fasted before exercise than when they had breakfasted.

当人们运动前禁食时，这些基因表现的比吃过早餐时更加活跃。[2020年 江苏卷 阅读理解]

Multiple genes behaved differently, depending on whether someone had eaten or not before walking.

多种基因表现不同，这取决于一个人在走路前是否吃过东西。[2020年 江苏卷 阅读理解]

Many of these genes produce proteins that can improve blood sugar regulation and insulin levels throughout the body.

这些基因中产生的蛋白质，可以改善整个身体的血糖调节和胰岛素水平。[2020年 江苏卷 阅读理解]

( 2)n. (Gene)人名; 吉恩

真题例句：

It depending on NASA HUNCH high school class, like the one science teachers Gene Gordon and Donna Himmelberg lead at Fairport High School.

这要靠参与NASAHUNCH项目的高中班级，比如Fairport高中的一个由科学教师吉恩·戈登和唐娜·希梅尔伯格带领的班级。[2019年 全国卷2 阅读理解]

考纲分布

近9年出现25次

重要程度: 5星

100%; n 基因

考纲释义

( 1)n. 基因

真题例句：

Genes and the environment interact in many complex ways to shape individuals and guide their behavior, including their curiosity.

基因和环境以许多复杂的方式相互作用，塑造个体，引导他们的行为，包括他们的好奇心。[2021年 CET4 阅读理解C]

He points out that more than 200 genes influence weight.

他指出，有超过200种基因可以影响体重。[2021年 CET4 阅读理解C]

It is destined to transform human genes.

它注定会改变人类的基因。[2021年 CET4 阅读理解C]

考纲分布

近9年出现25次

重要程度: 5星

100%; n 基因

考纲释义

( 1)n. 基因

真题例句：

It is not fully examined by gene scientists.

基因科学家并没有对其进行全面检查。[2021年 CET6 阅读理解]

Something as complex as intellect is likely to be affected by many factors beyond genes.

像智力这样复杂的东西很可能会受到基因以外的许多因素的影响。[2021年 CET6 阅读理解]

Students' academic performance is determined by their genes.

学生的学习成绩是由基因决定的。[2021年 CET6 阅读理解]

必考派生词

genomics pl-n. 基因组学

考纲分布

近16年出现27次

重要程度: 5星

100%; n 基因

考纲释义

( 1)n. 基因

真题例句：

The study also found that the genes for smell were something shared in friends but not genes for immunity.

研究还发现朋友之间的嗅觉基因是一致的，但与免疫相关的基因却并非如此。[2015年 英语一 完型填空]

For example, it is unclear whether the sequencing of a whole genome violates the patents of individual genes within it.

例如，对一个完整基因组进行排序是否会侵犯其内部单个基因所获得的专利，这一问题尚不明确。[2012年 英语二 阅读理解A]

Companies had won patents for isolated DNA for decades — by 2005 some 20% of human genes were patented.

数十年来，公司们一直在享有分离DNA的专利——截止到2005年，约有20%的人类基因已被申请专利。[2012年 英语二 阅读理解A]

用法讲解

be in the genes表示“基因使然；……是遗传的”，如： I've always enjoyed music—it's in the genes. 我向来喜欢音乐，这是受父母影响。

(1)Personalized genomic massage anyone? There's already a lab today that tests for allele 334 of the AVPR1 gene, the so-called cheating gene.

有人想要个人定制的基因学按摩吗？如今已经有个实验室为AVPR1基因上的等位基因334测序，所谓的欺骗基因。《TED: Genomic revolution》《TED：欢迎进入基因革命时代》

(2)It's a gene. Well, it's sort of two genes, but two genes that are identical.

基因问题。是两种基因。完全相同的基因。《Wonder》《奇迹男孩》

(3)You have two copies of the BRCA1 gene in every cell of your body.

在你身体的每个细胞内，乳腺癌1号基因有两个副本。《TED-Ed》《TED教育》

(4)One of these genes is BRCA1, which stands for breast cancer susceptibility gene 1.

其中一个叫做BRCA1，就是”乳腺癌1号基因”。《TED-Ed》《TED教育》

(5)Did you know my company is developing a gene that will prolong a person's life?

你知道我的公司在研究延长寿命的基因吗？《The Good Wife Season 5》《傲骨贤妻 第五季》

(6)The good news? Our advances in gene splicing have opened up a whole new frontier.

好消息是？我们在基因融合领域的改进已经开辟了一个新的前沿。《Jurassic World》《侏罗纪世界》

(7)Several million years ago, a gene plague caused by cloning nearly annihilated the entire human race.

几百万年前尤克隆导致的基因灾祸几乎使整个人类都灭绝了。《Jupiter Ascending》《木星上行》

(8)And the trouble is that both of my parents carry the gene at the same time, which is...

但问题是我的父母同时携带了这种基因，这样就……《Wonder》《奇迹男孩》

(9)If you have this deleterious mutation in this gene, you're 90 percent likely to get cancer in your life.

如果这个基因发生有害突变，就有百分之九十的可能患癌。《TED: Genomic revolution》《TED：欢迎进入基因革命时代》

(10)And what they find is a single-point mutation in a gene responsible for controlling programmed cell death.

然后他们在控制程序性细胞死亡的基因上发现一个单点突变。《TED: Genomic revolution》《TED：欢迎进入基因革命时代》

(11)You must have used a false name at the clinic and their tests probably tripped the monitor to your gene print.

你在诊所用的肯定是假名，他们的检查泄漏了你的基因讯息。《Jupiter Ascending》《木星上行》

(12)Gene, I want the same overcoat for Peter. I mean the exact same one that Obama wore, and Alicia, too.

吉恩，为彼得弄一件相同的大衣和奥巴马那件完全一样的大衣，艾丽西娅也要一件。《The Good Wife Season 7》《傲骨贤妻第七季》

(13)This redundancy is a good thing because you only need one functioning BRCA1 gene in a cell to regulate the cell cycle.

这种“多余”其实是件好事，因为你虽然只需要一个乳腺癌1号基因工作就能控制细胞周期。《TED-Ed》《TED教育》

(14)And what they found was a series of mutations in a gene called SPR, which is responsible for producing serotonin, among other things.

他们发现了SPR基因上的一个系列突变，这个片段与产生血清素的功能相关。《TED: Genomic revolution》《TED：欢迎进入基因革命时代》

(15)Then, we gave her what we call ALZ-112, a gene therapy that allows the brain to create its own cells in order to repair itself.

之后我们给她用了叫ALZ112的药，这是一种基因疗法，促使大脑产生出新的脑细胞来完成自我修复。《Rise of the Planet of the Apes》《猩球崛起》

(16)While we all have the gene, such as BRCA1, that can cause cancer, it's only when these genes fail at their function that problems develop.

我们每个人身体里都有诸如乳腺癌1号基因这类可能导致癌症的基因存在，但癌症只会发生在这些基因失效时。《TED-Ed》《TED教育》

(17)Well, I would've slept in my own bed, but it was being used to bring shame to my family. And the memory of Gene Roddenberry.

我也想睡在自己的床上，但它却用来给我的家庭带来耻辱，还让我想起来了吉恩·罗登贝瑞。《The Big Bang Theory Season 4》《生活大爆炸 第四季》

(18)And if you ask me, Tyler's just hiding at Whitmore, pretending everything's fine as if he can outrun his were wolf gene or something.

要我说，泰勒，只是躲在惠特莫，假装一切都好，好像这样就能摆脱他的狼人基因。《The Vampire Diaries Season 6》《吸血鬼日记 第六季》

(19)But the gene that regulates that down is broken. And so this informs, among other things, of course, a treatment for bone marrow transplant, which he undertakes.

但这个基因的此种功能出现问题，所以对于这个问题他接受了骨髓移植的治疗。《TED: Genomic revolution》《TED：欢迎进入基因革命时代》

(20)What if my mother has some sort of, like, nut gene that in combination with any man at all makes him go from "I do" to "What I do"?

万一我妈妈有着可以让任何一个男人从“我愿意”变成“我配不上你”的顽强基因呢？《Girl Meets World Season 3》《女孩成长记 第三季》